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自发性产生的治疗性单克隆抗体聚集体的免疫原性风险评估。

Immunogenicity Risk Assessment of Spontaneously Occurring Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Aggregates.

机构信息

Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States.

Analytical R&D, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 27;13:915412. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915412. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Aggregates of therapeutic proteins have been associated with increased immunogenicity in pre-clinical models as well as in human patients. Recent studies to understand aggregates and their immunogenicity risks use artificial stress methods to induce high levels of aggregation. These methods may be less biologically relevant in terms of their quantity than those that occur spontaneously during processing and storage. Here we describe the immunogenicity risk due to spontaneously occurring therapeutic antibody aggregates using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and a cell line with a reporter gene for immune activation: THP-1 BLUE NFκB. The spontaneously occurring therapeutic protein aggregates were obtained from process intermediates and final formulated drug substance from stability retains. Spontaneously occurring aggregates elicited innate immune responses for several donors in a PBMC assay with cytokine and chemokine production as a readout for immune activation. Meanwhile, no significant adaptive phase responses to spontaneously occurring aggregate samples were detected. While the THP-1 BLUE NFκB cell line and PBMC assays both responded to high stress induced aggregates, only the PBMC from a limited subset of donors responded to processing-induced aggregates. In this case study, levels of antibody aggregation occurring at process relevant levels are lower than those induced by stirring and may pose lower risk . Our methodologies can further inform additional immunogenicity risk assessments using a pre-clinical risk assessment approach utilizing human derived immune cells.

摘要

在临床前模型以及人类患者中,治疗性蛋白聚集体与免疫原性增加有关。最近的研究旨在了解聚集体及其免疫原性风险,使用人工应激方法诱导高水平的聚集。就其数量而言,这些方法与处理和储存过程中自发发生的聚集相比,可能在生物学相关性方面较低。在这里,我们使用外周血单核细胞 (PBMC) 和具有免疫激活报告基因的细胞系来描述由于自发发生的治疗性抗体聚集体而引起的免疫原性风险:THP-1 BLUE NFκB。自发发生的治疗性蛋白聚集体是从稳定性保留的过程中间体和最终配方药物物质中获得的。自发发生的聚集体在 PBMC 测定中引起了几个供体的固有免疫反应,细胞因子和趋化因子的产生作为免疫激活的读出。同时,未检测到对自发发生的聚集体样品的明显适应性阶段反应。虽然 THP-1 BLUE NFκB 细胞系和 PBMC 测定均对高应力诱导的聚集体有反应,但仅来自有限供体子集的 PBMC 对处理诱导的聚集体有反应。在本案例研究中,在相关处理水平发生的抗体聚集水平低于搅拌诱导的聚集水平,因此风险较低。我们的方法可以进一步利用基于临床前风险评估的方法,利用源自人类的免疫细胞进行其他免疫原性风险评估。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8121/9364768/ab4be002056e/fimmu-13-915412-g001.jpg

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