Liu Jie, Xiu Wenli, Sui Bangzhi, Jin Zhiyuan, Xu Xudong, Xia Nan, Duan Guangqi
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
Institute of Digital Medicine and Computer-Assisted Surgery of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Jul 27;10:874995. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.874995. eCollection 2022.
Cryptorchidism is a common congenital malformation in pediatric urology. Although there have been many studies on the etiology of the disease, it has not been fully clarified, and while its diagnostic and treatment models have gradually approached standardization and systematization, some controversies regarding treatment remain. Additionally, although ultrasound is a non-invasive examination without ionizing radiation, its role in the evaluation of cryptorchidism remains controversial. The main basis for treating cryptorchidism is orchidopexy, and the main view on treatment age is that treatment should be performed between 6 and 12 months after birth, but no more than 18 months after birth. The view on hormone therapy is still controversial because most scholars believe that early surgery is the key to treatment. There are many surgical treatment methods for cryptorchidism, including traditional open surgery and laparoscopic surgery, which provide satisfactory results. In conclusion, the treatment of undescended testis (UDT) had been largely standardized, apart from the treatment of high intra-abdominal testis (IAT), which remains a matter of debate.
隐睾症是小儿泌尿外科常见的先天性畸形。尽管对该疾病的病因已有诸多研究，但仍未完全阐明，并且在其诊断和治疗模式逐渐趋向标准化和系统化的同时，关于治疗仍存在一些争议。此外，尽管超声检查是一种无电离辐射的非侵入性检查，但其在隐睾症评估中的作用仍存在争议。治疗隐睾症的主要依据是睾丸固定术，关于治疗年龄的主要观点是应在出生后6至12个月进行治疗，但不超过出生后18个月。关于激素治疗的观点仍存在争议，因为大多数学者认为早期手术是治疗的关键。隐睾症有多种手术治疗方法，包括传统开放手术和腹腔镜手术，效果均令人满意。总之，除了腹腔内高位睾丸（IAT）的治疗仍存在争议外，隐睾症的治疗在很大程度上已实现标准化。
