Vijapur Manjunath M, Kattimani Vasanth, Varsha V K, Girish H C, Kamat Mamata, Ram Bhargav
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, District Health and Family Welfare Services, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2022 Apr-Jun;26(2):147-155. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_152_22. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
Opportunistic fungal infections like Mucormycosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have posed a great challenge to health care professionals, especially in developing countries like India. Hence, there is a need to understand the biological behaviour of COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis (CAM) to establish standard treatment Protocols and to reduce mortality.
This study aims is to assess the type of Mucormycosis among COVID-19 patients in study population and compare the findings with clinical, radiological and haematological parameters along with treatment and surgical management.
This retrospective, observational study included 60 cases of CAM reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the tertiary care centre, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli. Data about various parameters were tabulated and analysed statistically.
Bivariate analysis was done using the Chi-Square test to assess the relationship between the type of Mucormycosis and other variables. Spearman's Correlation test was used to assess the correlation between types of Mucormycosis with the other variables. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the response variable related to the type of Mucormycosis.
About 50% of subjects presented with "Rhino orbital" type of Mucormycosis. Palatal discoloration and palatal erosion was the most common oral manifestation among "only Sinus" and "Rhino orbital" types of Mucormycosis ( = 0.00). Significant association ( = 0.29) was found between the type of Diabetes mellitus and Mucormycosis.
The study indicates that DM is the most commonly associated comorbidity in CAM patients. Hence, a thorough understanding of the underlying comorbidity and its close monitoring during and after COVID-19 infection is mandatory for successful treatment outcomes.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者中的毛霉菌病等机会性真菌感染给医护人员带来了巨大挑战，尤其是在印度等发展中国家。因此，有必要了解COVID-19相关毛霉菌病（CAM）的生物学行为，以建立标准治疗方案并降低死亡率。
本研究旨在评估研究人群中COVID-19患者的毛霉菌病类型，并将研究结果与临床、放射学和血液学参数以及治疗和手术管理进行比较。
这项回顾性观察研究纳入了向三级护理中心胡布利卡纳塔克医学科学研究所口腔颌面外科报告的60例CAM病例。将各种参数的数据制成表格并进行统计分析。
采用卡方检验进行双变量分析，以评估毛霉菌病类型与其他变量之间的关系。采用Spearman相关检验评估毛霉菌病类型与其他变量之间的相关性。进行线性回归分析以评估与毛霉菌病类型相关的反应变量。
约50%的受试者表现为“鼻眶型”毛霉菌病。在“仅鼻窦型”和“鼻眶型”毛霉菌病中，腭部变色和腭部糜烂是最常见的口腔表现（P = 0.00）。在糖尿病类型与毛霉菌病之间发现了显著相关性（P = 0.29）。
该研究表明，糖尿病是CAM患者中最常见的合并症。因此，为了获得成功的治疗结果，在COVID-19感染期间及之后，必须全面了解潜在的合并症并对其进行密切监测。
