高脂肪饮食导致的转轮运动减少可通过普通饮食逆转，而粪便微生物移植则没有额外益处。
Reduced Wheel Running via a High-Fat Diet Is Reversed by a Chow Diet with No Added Benefit from Fecal Microbial Transplants.
机构信息
The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
出版信息
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Sep 1;54(9):1437-1447. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002941.
PURPOSE
Chronic overfeeding via a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet decreases wheel running and substantially alters the gut metabolome of C57BL/6J mice. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that fecal microbial transplants can modulate the effect of diet on wheel running.
METHODS
Singly housed, 6-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a grain-based diet (CHOW) or HFHS diet and provided a running wheel for 13 wk. Low-active, HFHS-exposed mice were then either switched to a CHOW diet and given an oral fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet, switched to a CHOW diet and given a sham transplant, or remained on the HFHS diet and given a fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet. Total wheel running, nutrient intake, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis were measured at various times throughout the study.
RESULTS
We found that an HFHS diet decreases wheel running activity, increases body fat, and decreases microbial alpha diversity compared with a CHOW diet. Improvements in wheel running, body composition, and microbial alpha diversity were accomplished within 2 wk for mice switched from an HFHS diet to a CHOW diet with no clear evidence of an added benefit from fecal transplants. A fecal transplant from mice fed a CHOW diet without altering diet did not improve wheel running or body composition. Wheel running, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis percentage were primarily determined by diet.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that diet is a primary mediator of wheel running with no clear effect from fecal microbial transplants.
目的
通过高脂肪/高糖（HFHS）饮食进行慢性过度喂养会减少轮式跑动，并极大地改变 C57BL/6J 小鼠的肠道代谢组。在这项研究中，我们检验了粪便微生物移植可以调节饮食对轮式跑动影响的假设。
方法
单独饲养的 6 周龄雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠分别喂食基于谷物的饮食（CHOW）或 HFHS 饮食，并提供轮式跑动器 13 周。然后，低活跃性、HFHS 暴露的小鼠被切换到 CHOW 饮食，并接受来自喂食 CHOW 饮食的小鼠的口服粪便微生物移植，切换到 CHOW 饮食并接受假移植，或继续喂食 HFHS 饮食并接受来自喂食 CHOW 饮食的小鼠的粪便微生物移植。在整个研究过程中的不同时间测量总轮式跑动、营养摄入、身体成分、粪便微生物组成、粪便代谢物组成和肝脂肪变性。
结果
我们发现，HFHS 饮食会降低轮式跑动活动，增加体脂肪，并降低与 CHOW 饮食相比的微生物 alpha 多样性。从 HFHS 饮食切换到 CHOW 饮食的小鼠在 2 周内即可实现轮式跑动、身体成分和微生物 alpha 多样性的改善，并且粪便移植没有明显的额外益处。从喂食 CHOW 饮食的小鼠中获取粪便移植而不改变饮食并不会改善轮式跑动或身体成分。轮式跑动、身体成分、粪便微生物组成、粪便代谢物组成和肝脂肪变性百分比主要由饮食决定。
结论
我们的结果表明，饮食是轮式跑动的主要介导因素，粪便微生物移植没有明显影响。
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