Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA.
Office of Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2023 Jan;64(1):9-17. doi: 10.1111/vru.13140. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
Limited information exists regarding associations between distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) abnormalities and synovial invagination changes in the distal sesamoid (navicular) bone. This retrospective, analytical study aimed to measure specific characteristics of the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone to determine whether any single characteristic was associated with abnormalities in the DIPJ or navicular apparatus (NA) using high field MRI and a sample of 200 horses' feet. The DIPJ and NA were graded independently by three scorers. The grades were averaged, creating a global pathology score for the DIPJ, NA, and synovial invaginations. Higher global scores represented more severe pathology. The number of invaginations, depth of penetration, invagination shape, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the largest invagination were recorded. Interobserver agreement was measured using Cohen's Kappa. Associations of global scores of the DIPJ and NA with individual invagination characteristics were assessed using linear mixed modeling. A significant relationship was found between the number of invaginations and global DIPJ score, with higher invagination numbers associated with higher DIPJ scores. For invagination depth and CSA, a significant relationship was noted with global scores of both the DIPJ and NA. Reliable relationships between the shape of synovial invaginations and global scores of DIPJ and NA were not found, likely due to poor interobserver scoring (0.305). These findings suggest that primary DIPJ disease and NA pathology should be considered when noticing alterations to navicular synovial invaginations on MRI. This contrasts traditional views that synovial invagination abnormalities are indicative solely of NA pathology.
关于远节指间关节 (DIPJ) 异常与远节籽骨 (舟状骨) 滑膜内陷变化之间的关联，相关信息有限。本回顾性分析性研究旨在测量舟状骨滑膜内陷的特定特征，以确定使用高磁场 MRI 和 200 个马脚样本，任何单一特征是否与 DIPJ 或舟状骨装置 (NA) 的异常相关。DIPJ 和 NA 由三位评分者独立分级。对评分进行平均，为 DIPJ、NA 和滑膜内陷创建一个整体病理学评分。更高的整体评分代表更严重的病理学。记录内陷的数量、穿透深度、内陷形状和最大内陷的横截面积 (CSA)。使用 Cohen's Kappa 测量观察者间一致性。使用线性混合模型评估 DIPJ 和 NA 的整体评分与个体内陷特征之间的关联。发现内陷数量与 DIPJ 整体评分之间存在显著关系，内陷数量越多，DIPJ 评分越高。对于内陷深度和 CSA，与 DIPJ 和 NA 的整体评分均存在显著关系。由于观察者间评分较差 (0.305)，未发现滑膜内陷形状与 DIPJ 和 NA 的整体评分之间存在可靠关系。这些发现表明，在 MRI 上注意到舟状骨滑膜内陷的改变时，应考虑原发性 DIPJ 疾病和 NA 病理学。这与滑膜内陷异常仅提示 NA 病理学的传统观点形成对比。
