Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Department of Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
Life Sci. 2022 Oct 15;307:120883. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120883. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
Rapid changes in the food process led to greater consumption of ultra-processed foods which, associated with reduced physical activity, increased the number of overweight and obese individuals worldwide. However, in low and middle-income countries (LMICS) the growth of the obesity epidemic took place despite the high prevalence of undernutrition in children. This generated the coexistence of these two nutritional patterns, currently defined as double burden malnutrition (DBM). Several reports have already described the social, political, and economic aspects related to the causes and possible solutions for the control of DBM. Here, we highlight the metabolic alterations, related to fat deposition and glycemic homeostasis, described in experimental models of DBM and the differential effects of therapeutic strategies already tested. Therefore, this work aims to help the scientific community to understand how the DBM can lead to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes through different mechanisms from traditional models of obesity and highlights the need to study these mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies to improve damages caused by DBM.
食品加工的快速变化导致人们更多地食用超加工食品，而这与体力活动减少有关，导致全球超重和肥胖人数增加。然而，在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs），尽管儿童营养不良的发生率很高，但肥胖症的流行仍在增长。这导致了这两种营养模式的共存，目前被定义为双重负担营养不良（DBM）。已有多项报告描述了与 DBM 的原因和可能控制措施有关的社会、政治和经济方面。在这里，我们强调了在 DBM 实验模型中描述的与脂肪沉积和血糖稳态相关的代谢改变，以及已经测试的治疗策略的差异影响。因此，这项工作旨在帮助科学界了解 DBM 如何通过与肥胖传统模型不同的机制导致肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的发展，并强调需要研究这些机制和新的治疗策略，以改善 DBM 造成的损害。
