Wang Hong-Lei, Yan Xue, Shen Li-Juan, Liu Jane, Zhao Tian-Liang, Guan Xiao-Bin, Zhao De-Long
Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S3G, Canada.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Aug 8;43(8):3977-3989. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202111106.
Black carbon (BC) aerosol emissions are complex and have important environmental and meteorological effects. In China, the temporal and spatial variations in BC in different atmospheric environmental conditions need to be fully understood. Based on the long-term observational BC data in seven atmospheric background stations in China from 2006 to 2020, combined with meteorological data, emission source data, enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) data, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of temporal and spatial variations, long-term evolution, and influencing factors of BC in China. The results showed that the BC and AOD values of different atmospheric environments in China were quite different, and BC positively contributed to AOD. The spatial distribution was high in the east and low in the west owing to the differences in emission sources and meteorological conditions. The (BC) and AOD values were higher to the east of the "Hu Huanyong" line, such as at the Mt. Longfeng, Shangdianzi, Lin'an, and Jinsha stations, where the average values were (1699±2213)-(3392±2131) ng·m and 0.36±0.32-0.72±0.37, respectively. These values were lower to the west of the "Hu Huanyong" line, such as at the Akedala, Mt. Waliguan, and Shangri-La stations, where the average values were (287±226)-(398±308) ng·m and 0.20±0.13-0.22±0.19, respectively. The interannual variability in BC included differences between different atmospheric background stations, which could be divided into four categories:low interannual variability, such as at the Akedala station; an initial increase followed by a decrease and subsequent stabilization, such as at the Mt. Waliguan station; an initial decrease followed by stabilization, such as at the Shangri-La station; and an initial stabilization followed by a decrease, such as at the Mt. Longfeng, Shangdianzi, Jinsha, and Lin'an stations. Seasonal variations in BC included differences in different atmospheric background stations. The BC mass concentrations were lowest in autumn and higher in winter and spring west of the "Hu Huanyong" line and were highest in winter and lowest in summer east of the "Hu Huanyong" line. BC contributed to the AOD being larger in all stations in the spring and summer and contributed less at the stations west of the "Hu Huanyong" line in autumn and the stations east of the "Hu Huanyong" line in winter. The diurnal variations in BC were mainly bimodally distributed in the different atmospheric background stations, but the peak times varied in different stations and seasons.
黑碳（BC）气溶胶排放情况复杂，具有重要的环境和气象影响。在中国，需要全面了解不同大气环境条件下黑碳的时空变化。基于2006年至2020年中国7个大气本底站的长期黑碳观测数据，结合气象数据、排放源数据、增强植被指数（EVI）数据和气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）数据，我们全面分析了中国黑碳的时空变化特征、长期演变及影响因素。结果表明，中国不同大气环境下的黑碳和AOD值差异较大，黑碳对AOD有正向贡献。由于排放源和气象条件的差异，空间分布呈现东高西低。在“胡焕庸线”以东，如龙凤山、上甸子、临安和金沙站，黑碳（BC）和AOD值较高，其平均值分别为（1699±2213） - （3392±2131） ng·m和0.36±0.32 - 0.72±0.37。在“胡焕庸线”以西，如阿克达拉、瓦里关山和香格里拉站，这些值较低，其平均值分别为（287±226） - （398±308） ng·m和0.20±0.13 - 0.22±0.19。黑碳的年际变化包括不同大气本底站之间的差异，可分为四类：年际变化较小，如阿克达拉站；先增加后减少并随后稳定，如瓦里关山站；先减少后稳定，如香格里拉站；先稳定后减少，如龙凤山、上甸子、金沙和临安站。黑碳的季节变化也包括不同大气本底站之间的差异。在“胡焕庸线”以西，黑碳质量浓度秋季最低，冬季和春季较高；在“胡焕庸线”以东，冬季最高，夏季最低。黑碳在春季和夏季使所有站点的AOD值增大，而在秋季“胡焕庸线”以西的站点以及冬季“胡焕庸线”以东的站点，黑碳对AOD的贡献较小。不同大气本底站黑碳的日变化主要呈双峰分布，但不同站点和季节的峰值时间有所不同。
