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设计、合成及生物评价(喹唑啉 4-氧基)乙酰胺和(4-氧代喹唑啉-3(4H)-基)乙酰胺衍生物作为分枝杆菌 bd 氧化酶抑制剂。

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of (Quinazoline 4-yloxy)acetamide and (4-oxoquinazoline-3(4H)-yl)acetamide derivatives as inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bd oxidase.

机构信息

Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India.

Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, UP, India.

出版信息

Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Nov 15;242:114639. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114639. Epub 2022 Aug 6.

Abstract

New chemical scaffolds with novel mechanism of action are urgently needed for the treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis. The oxidative phosphorylation pathway of Mycobacterium tuberculosis consists of multiple clinically validated drug targets. This pathway can function through any one of the two terminal oxidases-the proton pumping cytochrome bc-aa supercomplex, or the less energy efficient but high affinity cytochrome bd oxidase. Inhibiting the bc complex alone has been found bacteriostatic and not bactericidal. On the other hand, inhibition of both these oxidases turns lethal to the pathogen. In the present study, we used a bc complex mutant of M. tuberculosis to screen (Quinazoline 4-yloxy)acetamide and (4-oxoquinazoline-3(4H)-yl)acetamide derivatives against the alternate oxidase, i.e., cytochrome bd oxidase. Two molecules, S-021-0601 and S-021-0607 were found to inhibit the mutant with MICs 8 and 16 μM respectively, compared to MICs of 128 and 256 μM against the wild type M. tuberculosis. In the wild type, one of the compounds showed synergism with Q203, an inhibitor of bc complex, in inhibiting growth under aerobic conditions. Both compounds showed synergism with Q203 in depleting bacterial ATP and inhibiting oxygen consumption. Both the compounds at 32 μM (one-fourth or one-eighth of their MICs for wild type) were bactericidal to wild type bacteria under hypoxic condition, causing ∼1.9 log reduction in viable counts which increased to ∼4-log when combined with Q203.

摘要

新型抗结核分枝杆菌药物急需具有全新作用机制的化学结构骨架。结核分枝杆菌的氧化磷酸化途径包含多个已在临床上验证的药物靶点。该途径可通过两种末端氧化酶之一发挥作用,即质子泵细胞色素 bc-aa 超复合体,或效率较低但亲和力较高的细胞色素 bd 氧化酶。单独抑制 bc 复合物已被证明具有抑菌作用而非杀菌作用。另一方面,同时抑制这两种氧化酶会使病原体致命。在本研究中,我们使用结核分枝杆菌 bc 复合物突变体筛选(喹唑啉 4-氧基)乙酰胺和(4-氧代喹唑啉-3(4H)-基)乙酰胺衍生物对替代氧化酶,即细胞色素 bd 氧化酶。两种分子 S-021-0601 和 S-021-0607 被发现可分别以 MIC 8 和 16 μM 抑制突变体,而对野生型结核分枝杆菌的 MIC 分别为 128 和 256 μM。在野生型中,其中一种化合物与 bc 复合物抑制剂 Q203 在有氧条件下抑制生长时表现出协同作用。两种化合物在耗尽细菌 ATP 和抑制耗氧量方面与 Q203 均表现出协同作用。两种化合物在 32 μM(其对野生型 MIC 的四分之一或八分之一)浓度下在缺氧条件下对野生型细菌具有杀菌作用,使活菌计数减少约 1.9 对数,与 Q203 联合使用时增加到约 4 对数。

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