Center for Reproductive Health and Birth Defects at Lanzhou University, Basic Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Lanzhou, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(2):4826-4836. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21962-9. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
Few studies have evaluated the association between air pollutants and neural tube defects (NTDs). Moreover, the existing research ignores the lag effect of air pollution on health and provides inconsistent epidemiological evidence. We aim to estimate the association between air pollution and NTDs during the first trimester of pregnancy and identify specific susceptible windows. Birth data was collected from the Birth Defects Surveillance Network in Lanzhou from September 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019. Air quality and meteorological data were collected from ambient air monitoring stations and China Meteorological Data Network. The log connection function of the Poisson distribution function is used to establish a DLNM model to estimate the exposure-effect relationship and exposure-lag relationship association between air pollutants levels and NTDs. There were 320,787 perinatal infants in Lanzhou from September 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019, and 486 cases of NTDs (1.5‰). The result indicates that exposure to inhalable particles (PM) at lag 2-4 weeks was significantly associated with the risk of NTDs, with the most significant impact at the lag 2 week (RR=1.048, 95%CI, 1.015-1.084). Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) at the lag 2 week was significantly associated with the risk of NTDs, with the most significant impact at the lag 2 week (RR=1.077, 95%CI, 1.004-1.155). Exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) at lag 3-6weeks was significantly associated with the risk of NTDs, with the most significant impact at the lag 4 week (RR=1.220, 95%CI, 1.105-1.348; RR=1.143, 95%CI, 1.048-1.245). This study provides further evidence that exposure to air pollutants in the first trimester of pregnancy significantly increases the risk of neural tube defects.
鲜有研究评估空气污染物与神经管缺陷（NTDs）之间的关联。此外，现有研究忽视了空气污染对健康的滞后效应，提供的流行病学证据也不一致。本研究旨在评估妊娠早期空气污染物与 NTDs 之间的关联，并确定特定的易感窗口。出生数据来自 2014 年 9 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日期间兰州出生缺陷监测网络。空气质量和气象数据来自环境空气监测站和中国气象数据网。采用泊松分布函数的对数连接函数建立 DLNM 模型，以估计空气污染物水平与 NTDs 之间的暴露-效应关系和暴露-滞后关系。2014 年 9 月 1 日至 2019 年 12 月 31 日期间，兰州共有 320787 例围产儿，其中 486 例为 NTDs（1.5‰）。结果表明，妊娠 2-4 周时吸入性颗粒物（PM）暴露与 NTDs 风险显著相关，其中 2 周时的影响最为显著（RR=1.048，95%CI，1.015-1.084）。妊娠 2 周时细颗粒物（PM）暴露与 NTDs 风险显著相关，其中 2 周时的影响最为显著（RR=1.077，95%CI，1.004-1.155）。妊娠 3-6 周时二氧化硫（SO）和二氧化氮（NO）暴露与 NTDs 风险显著相关，其中 4 周时的影响最为显著（RR=1.220，95%CI，1.105-1.348；RR=1.143，95%CI，1.048-1.245）。本研究进一步提供了证据，表明妊娠早期暴露于空气污染物会显著增加神经管缺陷的风险。
