Pincus T, Callahan L F, Burkhauser R V
J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(9):865-74. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90186-x.
Data from the 1978 Social Security Survey of Disability and Work indicate that most chronic diseases in the age 18-64 population are reported significantly more frequently by individuals with fewer than 12 years of formal education. Of the 23 health conditions reported by more than 1% of the population, 19 differed significantly in reported frequencies according to formal educational level. The relative frequencies of any reported condition in individuals with 1-8, 9-11, 12 years, and more than 12 years of formal education, were 3.6, 2.3, 1.4 and 1.0 respectively. Significant trends according to formal educational level were seen for all types of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neoplastic, psychiatric, pulmonary and renal diseases. These trends remained significant for all categories except neoplastic disease when formal education was controlled for age, sex, race and smoking, suggesting that formal educational level may identify a marker in the pathobiology of disease of importance comparable to these other demographic variables.
1978年社会保障残疾与工作调查的数据表明，在18至64岁人群中，受正规教育年限少于12年的个体报告的大多数慢性病发病率明显更高。在超过1%的人口报告的23种健康状况中，有19种根据正规教育水平在报告发病率上存在显著差异。接受1至8年、9至11年、12年以及超过12年正规教育的个体中，任何报告状况的相对发病率分别为3.6、2.3、1.4和1.0。在包括心血管、胃肠道、肌肉骨骼、肿瘤、精神、肺部和肾脏疾病在内的所有类型慢性病中，均可见到根据正规教育水平的显著趋势。在对年龄、性别、种族和吸烟情况进行正规教育控制后，除肿瘤疾病外，所有类别中的这些趋势仍然显著，这表明正规教育水平可能识别出在疾病病理生物学中与这些其他人口统计学变量相当重要的一个标志物。
