Yang Lanqin, Yang Yunxi, Tian Wenfei, Xia Xingyi, Lu Haiying, Wu Xiangyang, Huang Biao, Hu Wenyou
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China.
School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Nov;307(Pt 3):136032. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136032. Epub 2022 Aug 14.
Accumulation and concomitant risk of metals in plastic-shed soil (PSS)-vegetable system around industrial areas have attracted growing public concern recently, while limited studies have focused on human bioaccessible metals in various plastic-shed vegetables and health risk calculated using bioaccessible metals. Previous studies showed that intensive farming and industrial activities could prominently affect metal migration from PSS to vegetables via altering PSS pH, total and bioavailable metal contents. In contrast, whether changes in PSS pH and metal contents control bioaccessible metals in vegetables and health risk is still unknown. For PSS management and sustainable plastic-shed vegetable production in the areas with rapid industrialization, 41 PSS and 32 plastic-shed vegetable samples were sampled from the industrial areas of Yangtze River Delta, China to systematically clarify the specific connections among anthropogenic activities, soil pH and metal contents, and metal transfer and health risk in PSS-vegetable-human system. The results indicated that Cr and Cd contents in 15.6% and 9.38% of vegetable samples exceeded the allowable limits in China. Tolerable cancer risk existed and was mainly induced by bioaccessible Cr in vegetables. Decreased PSS pH mainly caused by heavy use of nitrogen fertilizers increased bioavailable Ni, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Cu in PSS and subsequently enhanced their total and bioaccessible contents in vegetables. Prominent Cr accumulation in PSS induced by industrial wastewater irrigation exacerbated Cr uptake by vegetables, which increased bioaccessible Cr in vegetables and contributed greatly to cancer risk. To reduce transfer and health risk especially of Cd and Cr in the food chain, some appropriate measures related to source control and remediation should be proposed for preventing and mitigating PSS acidification and Cr accumulation.
近年来，工业区周边塑料大棚土壤（PSS）-蔬菜系统中金属的累积及其伴随风险引起了公众越来越多的关注，而针对各种塑料大棚蔬菜中人体可生物利用金属以及使用可生物利用金属计算健康风险的研究却很有限。先前的研究表明，集约化耕作和工业活动可通过改变PSS的pH值、总金属含量和生物有效性金属含量，显著影响金属从PSS向蔬菜的迁移。相比之下，PSS的pH值和金属含量变化是否控制蔬菜中的可生物利用金属以及健康风险仍不清楚。为了在工业化快速发展地区进行PSS管理和实现塑料大棚蔬菜的可持续生产，从中国长江三角洲工业区采集了41个PSS样本和32个塑料大棚蔬菜样本，以系统阐明人为活动、土壤pH值和金属含量以及PSS-蔬菜-人体系统中金属转移和健康风险之间的具体联系。结果表明，15.6%的蔬菜样本中Cr含量和9.38%的蔬菜样本中Cd含量超过了中国的允许限值。存在可耐受的癌症风险，主要由蔬菜中可生物利用的Cr引起。大量使用氮肥导致PSS的pH值下降，增加了PSS中生物有效性Ni、Cd、Zn、Pb和Cu的含量，进而提高了它们在蔬菜中的总量和可生物利用含量。工业废水灌溉导致PSS中Cr显著累积，加剧了蔬菜对Cr的吸收，增加了蔬菜中可生物利用的Cr含量，对癌症风险贡献很大。为了减少食物链中尤其是Cd和Cr的转移及健康风险，应提出一些与源头控制和修复相关的适当措施，以预防和减轻PSS酸化和Cr累积。
