Emerson Eric, Llewellyn Gwynnyth
Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Centre for Disability Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK.
Centre for Disability Research and Policy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Disabil Health J. 2022 Oct;15(4):101364. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2022.101364. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
It is commonly stated that people with disabilities are at significantly greater risk of living in poverty than their non-disabled peers. However, most evidence supporting this assertion is drawn from studies in high-income countries and studies of adults. There is relatively little robust evidence on the association between poverty/wealth and the prevalence of child disability in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: To estimate the strength of association between an indicator of wealth (household assets) and the prevalence of disability among children in a range of LMICs.
Secondary analysis of data collected in Round 6 of UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Nationally representative data were available for 40 countries with a total sample size of 473,578 children aged 2-17. Disability was ascertained by responses to the Washington Group for Disability Statistics module on functional limitations.
There were significant dose-dependent relationships between household wealth quintile and the prevalence of disability and 13 of the 15 specific functional difficulties associated with disability. Children living in the poorest 20% of households were 35% more likely to have a disability than children living in the most affluent 20% of households. The strength of the association between household wealth and the prevalence of child disability was markedly lower in low-income countries than in middle-income countries. r CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide robust evidence that in LMICs the prevalence of child disability is disproportionately concentrated in poorer households. Further research is required to better understand why this association appears to be weaker in low-income countries. c.
人们普遍认为，残疾人比非残疾同龄人陷入贫困的风险要高得多。然而，支持这一论断的大多数证据来自高收入国家的研究以及针对成年人的研究。关于低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）贫困/财富与儿童残疾患病率之间的关联，相对而言确凿证据较少。
目的/假设：估计一系列低收入和中等收入国家中财富指标（家庭资产）与儿童残疾患病率之间的关联强度。
对联合国儿童基金会多指标类集调查第6轮收集的数据进行二次分析。有40个国家可获取具有全国代表性的数据，总样本量为473,578名2至17岁儿童。通过对华盛顿残疾统计小组关于功能受限模块的回答来确定残疾情况。
家庭财富五分位数与残疾患病率以及与残疾相关的15种特定功能困难中的13种之间存在显著的剂量依赖关系。生活在最贫困的20%家庭中的儿童比生活在最富裕的20%家庭中的儿童患残疾的可能性高35%。低收入国家中家庭财富与儿童残疾患病率之间的关联强度明显低于中等收入国家。
我们的结果提供了确凿证据，表明在低收入和中等收入国家，儿童残疾患病率不成比例地集中在较贫困家庭。需要进一步研究以更好地理解为何这种关联在低收入国家似乎较弱。
