Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000 Hubei, People's Republic of China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Unit of Reproductive Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany.
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000 Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Sep;110:109047. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109047. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
Macrophage is the important sentinel cell type of innate immune system, and bridge with the adaptive immune response via antigen presentation. Tissue-resident macrophages are universal in almost all organs and play essential roles in maintaining specific organ homeostasis, inflammation responses, and disease genesis, including tumorigenesis. Macrophage is generally divided into two extreme statuses, M1 and M2, with sophisticated continuous subtypes due to different stimuli and microenvironments. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is regarded as the key factor related to the prognosis, staging, classification, and treatment strategy of various cancers. However, emerging evidence indicated potential opposite functions of TAM in different tumor models. Recent studies found that different originated resident macrophages show notably different profiles in the same tissue niche. More evidence pointed out that the strategies to repolarize the subtypes of TAM or resident macrophages are valuable in carcinoma treatments. In the breast cancer model, studies pointed that macrophages located differently in histology show obvious different cell markers and functions. In this review, we will illustrate the profiles of resident macrophages in breast cancer with various aspects, including origination, polarization, tumoricidal activity, tumorigenesis, and the factors that could regulate the functions of macrophages.
巨噬细胞是先天免疫系统的重要哨兵细胞类型，通过抗原呈递与适应性免疫反应相联系。组织驻留巨噬细胞几乎存在于所有器官中，在维持特定器官的稳态、炎症反应和疾病发生（包括肿瘤发生）方面发挥着重要作用。巨噬细胞通常分为两种极端状态，M1 和 M2，由于不同的刺激和微环境，有复杂的连续亚型。肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）被认为是与各种癌症的预后、分期、分类和治疗策略相关的关键因素。然而，新出现的证据表明 TAM 在不同的肿瘤模型中具有潜在的相反功能。最近的研究发现，不同来源的驻留巨噬细胞在同一组织龛位中表现出明显不同的特征。更多的证据指出，重极化 TAM 或驻留巨噬细胞的亚型的策略在癌治疗中是有价值的。在乳腺癌模型中，研究指出，在组织学上位置不同的巨噬细胞表现出明显不同的细胞标志物和功能。在这篇综述中，我们将从起源、极化、杀瘤活性、肿瘤发生以及调节巨噬细胞功能的因素等方面阐述乳腺癌中驻留巨噬细胞的特征。
