Sun Yini, Wang Jianping, Ye Qing, Liu Baiwei, Zhong Ping, Li Chenglin, Cao Xiaohua
Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2022 Aug 1;13:932666. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.932666. eCollection 2022.
Previous studies have demonstrated that inversion effect and left-side bias are stable expertise markers in Chinese character processing among adults. However, it is less clear how these markers develop early on (i.e., among primary school students). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the development of the two markers by comparing primary school-aged students of three age groups (Grade 1, Grade 3, and Grade 5) and adults in tests of inversion effect (Experiment 1) and left-sided bias effect (Experiment 2). The results replicated that both effects during Chinese character processing were present among adults. However, more importantly, the effects were different among primary school-aged students in different grades: the inversion effect was found as early as in Grade 1, but the left-side bias effect did not emerge in Grade 1 and as approximated that of adults until Grade 3. The study suggested a potential dissociation in developing different aspects of expertise during Chinese character processing in early childhood.
以往的研究表明，倒置效应和左侧偏向是成年人汉字加工中稳定的专业技能标记。然而，这些标记在早期（即小学生中）是如何发展的尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在通过比较三个年龄组（一年级、三年级和五年级）的小学生和成年人在倒置效应测试（实验1）和左侧偏向效应测试（实验2）中的表现，来探究这两个标记的发展情况。结果再次证明，成年人在汉字加工过程中这两种效应都存在。然而，更重要的是，不同年级的小学生中这两种效应存在差异：倒置效应早在一年级就已出现，但左侧偏向效应在一年级并未出现，直到三年级才接近成年人的水平。该研究表明，在儿童早期汉字加工过程中，专业技能的不同方面在发展上可能存在分离。
