Gakis Georgios, Weckermann Dorothea
Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland.
Klinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Deutschland.
Urologie. 2022 Oct;61(10):1060-1067. doi: 10.1007/s00120-022-01914-4. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
Although the incidence of bladder cancer among women is lower, they tend to more often have advanced disease at presentation with a more aggressive course. It is still unclear which factors are responsible for the poorer prognosis of bladder cancer in women.
Original papers and reviews from 2004 until 2022 were identified in a PubMed search and evaluated.
Multiple factors are likely responsible for the different courses of bladder cancer in women versus men. In the literature, epidemiologic and clinical aspects are discussed. Furthermore, genetic and hormonal causes and the role of the urobiome have been the focus of discussion more recently.
Earlier diagnosis and better surgical treatment could lead to a more favorable course of bladder cancer in women. Further analyses of genetic, hormonal, und microbiological factors could open new perspectives in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of bladder cancer.
尽管女性膀胱癌的发病率较低，但她们在就诊时往往更容易患有晚期疾病，病程也更为凶险。目前仍不清楚哪些因素导致女性膀胱癌的预后较差。
通过在PubMed数据库中检索，识别并评估了2004年至2022年的原始论文和综述。
多种因素可能导致女性与男性膀胱癌的病程不同。文献中讨论了流行病学和临床方面。此外，遗传和激素原因以及泌尿微生物群的作用最近也成为了讨论的焦点。
早期诊断和更好的手术治疗可能会使女性膀胱癌的病程更为有利。对遗传、激素和微生物因素的进一步分析可能会为膀胱癌的预防、诊断和治疗开辟新的前景。
