Department of Biomedical Sciences, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 18;17(8):e0271313. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271313. eCollection 2022.
Globally, the prevalence of refractive error was 12%, and visual impairment due to refractive error was 2.1%. In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of refractive error and visual impairment due to refractive error was 12.6% and 3.4%, respectively. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive error varies from 2.5% in the Gurage zone to 12.3% in Hawassa city. Hence, this Meta-analysis aimed to summarize the pooled prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive error in Ethiopia.
A systematic search of the literature was conducted by the authors to identify all relevant primary studies. All articles on the prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive error in Ethiopia were identified through a literature search. The databases used to search for studies were PubMed, Science Direct, POPLINE, HENARI, Google Scholar, and grey literature was searched on Google until December 15, 2021. In this meta-analysis, the presence of publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Begg's tests at a significance level of less than 0.05. The sensitivity analysis was conducted to check for a single study's effect on the overall prevalence of refractive error.
About 1664 studies were retrieved from initial electronic searches using international databases and google searches. A total number of 20,088 children and adolescents were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive error in Ethiopia using the random effects model was estimated to be 6% (95% CI, 5-7) with a significant level of heterogeneity (I2 = 94.4%; p < 0.001). The pooled prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive was analyzed by subtypes, and pooled prevalence was estimated to be 4%, 5.2%, and 1% for myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, respectively.
The pooled prevalence of visual impairment due to refractive error was high in Ethiopia. About one in twenty-five Ethiopian children and adolescents are affected by visual impairment due to myopia.
全球屈光不正的患病率为 12%，屈光不正导致的视力损害为 2.1%。在撒哈拉以南非洲，屈光不正的患病率和屈光不正导致的视力损害分别为 12.6%和 3.4%。在埃塞俄比亚，屈光不正导致的视力损害的患病率从古尔加地区的 2.5%到哈瓦萨市的 12.3%不等。因此，本荟萃分析旨在总结埃塞俄比亚屈光不正导致的视力损害的患病率。
作者进行了系统的文献检索，以确定所有相关的原始研究。通过文献检索确定了所有关于埃塞俄比亚屈光不正导致的视力损害患病率的文章。用于搜索研究的数据库包括 PubMed、Science Direct、POPLINE、HENARI、Google Scholar 和 Google 上的灰色文献，搜索时间截至 2021 年 12 月 15 日。在这项荟萃分析中，使用漏斗图和 Begg 检验评估了发表偏倚的存在，显著性水平设为小于 0.05。进行敏感性分析以检查单个研究对屈光不正总体患病率的影响。
从国际数据库和谷歌搜索的初步电子搜索中检索到约 1664 项研究。共有 20088 名儿童和青少年纳入本荟萃分析。使用随机效应模型估计，埃塞俄比亚屈光不正导致的视力损害的总患病率为 6%（95%CI，5-7），具有显著的异质性（I2=94.4%；p<0.001）。根据亚型分析屈光不正导致的视力损害的患病率，近视、远视和散光的患病率分别估计为 4%、5.2%和 1%。
埃塞俄比亚屈光不正导致的视力损害的患病率较高。大约每 25 名埃塞俄比亚儿童和青少年中就有 1 人受到近视导致的视力损害的影响。
