Gao X X, Wang L M, Zhang X, Zhao Z P, Li C, Huang Z J, Liu C Y, Yu N, Zhang Y S, Deng X Q, Zhang M
Division of Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China.
Division of Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Aug 10;43(8):1205-1214. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211129-00924.
To understand the awareness of weight and waist circumference and their influencing factors among residents aged ≥18 years in China and provide a reference for the development of relevant prevention and treatment policies and evaluation of intervention effects. We selected 298 counties (districts) from the 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) which participated in the 2018 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance program and included 194 779 permanent residents aged ≥18 years. To obtain the demographic characteristics of the study population, we used a multi-stage stratified whole-group random sampling method, questionnaires, and physical measurements. In this study, 179 045 people who completed the survey and had complete information on weight and waist circumference awareness were used as the study subjects. The weight awareness rate and waist circumference awareness rate were calculated by gender stratification, age, urban-rural, and education level groups. A multi-factor logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors related to weight and waist circumference awareness of residents aged ≥18 years. The weight awareness rate of adult residents in China in 2018 was 45.4% (95%: 41.9%-48.9%), higher among men [46.2% (95%: 42.5%-49.8%)] than women [44.6% (95%: 41.1%-48.2%)], and in urban areas [54.3% (95%: 49.3%-59.3%)]. The highest weight awareness rate appeared in residents with low BMI grouping [49.9% (95%: 44.3%-55.6%)], and the weight awareness rate in residents with undiagnosed central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes was higher than that of residents with diagnosed diabetes, with statistically significant differences (<0.05). The waist circumference awareness rate of adult residents was 11.6% (95%: 9.7%-13.4%), higher in women [12.8% (95%: 10.8%-14.8%)] than in men [10.3% (95%: 8.6%-12.0%)], higher in urban [14.6% (95%: 11.7%-17.4%)] than in rural [8.3% (95%: 6.5%-10.2%)], and the waist circumference awareness rate was higher among residents with confirmed diabetes than those with undiagnosed diabetes, with statistically significant differences (=0.020). The difference was statistically significant (<0.001). The weight and waist circumference awareness rate increased with education level and annual per capita household income. Multi-factor logistic regression analysis suggested that urban, highly educated, high per capita annual household income and health check-up residents may have higher weight and waist circumference awareness rates among adult residents in China. Less than half of the adult residents in China know their weight status, and only about one-tenth know their waist circumference. Rural residents, those with low education levels and low annual per capita household income, and those who are obese need to be given prioritized attention. The relevant government departments should strengthen the popularization of the importance of weight and waist circumference on health and improve the awareness of our residents about their waist circumference and weight.
了解我国≥18岁居民的体重和腰围知晓情况及其影响因素，为制定相关防治政策及评估干预效果提供参考。我们从参与2018年中国慢性病与危险因素监测项目的31个省（自治区、直辖市）中选取了298个县（区），纳入194779名≥18岁的常住人口。为获取研究人群的人口学特征，我们采用了多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法、问卷调查和体格测量。本研究中，将179045名完成调查且体重和腰围知晓情况信息完整的人作为研究对象。按性别分层、年龄、城乡及教育水平分组计算体重知晓率和腰围知晓率。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析≥18岁居民体重和腰围知晓情况的影响因素。2018年我国成年居民体重知晓率为45.4%（95%：41.9% - 48.9%），男性[46.2%（95%：42.5% - 49.8%）]高于女性[44.6%（95%：41.1% - 48.2%）]，城市地区[54.3%（95%：49.3% - 59.3%）]高于农村。体重知晓率最高出现在低BMI分组的居民中[49.9%（95%：44.3% - 55.6%）]，未诊断为中心性肥胖、高血压和糖尿病的居民体重知晓率高于已诊断糖尿病的居民，差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。成年居民腰围知晓率为11.6%（95%：9.7% - 13.4%），女性[12.8%（95%：10.8% - 14.8%）]高于男性[10.3%（95%：8.6% - 12.0%）]，城市[14.6%（95%：11.7% - 17.4%）]高于农村[8.3%（95%：6.5% - 10.2%）]，确诊糖尿病居民的腰围知晓率高于未诊断糖尿病居民，差异有统计学意义（=0.020）。差异有统计学意义（<0.001）。体重和腰围知晓率随教育水平和家庭人均年收入的增加而升高。多因素logistic回归分析表明，城市、高学历、家庭人均年收入高及进行过健康体检的居民，我国成年居民的体重和腰围知晓率可能更高。我国成年居民中不到一半知道自己的体重状况，只有约十分之一知道自己的腰围。农村居民、教育水平低和家庭人均年收入低的居民以及肥胖者需要优先关注。相关政府部门应加强体重和腰围对健康重要性的宣传，提高我国居民对腰围和体重的知晓率。
