School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Health Place. 2022 Sep;77:102894. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102894. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
The purpose of this study was to investigate if and how the associations between social support availability (SSA) and cognitive function varied across urban, rural, and geographical regions in Canada. Data from a population-level sample of community-dwelling adults aged 45-85 years were obtained from the baseline Tracking Cohort of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. The associations between SSA and two domains of cognitive function, memory and executive function, were analyzed using multilevel regression models. SSA was positively and significantly associated with both executive function and memory. We found SSA had stronger positive associations with executive function among participants living in rural areas compared to urban areas in all geographical regions; however, geographical variation in the associations between SSA and memory were not supported by model results. Understanding how the associations between cognitive function and modifiable risk factors, including SSA, vary across geographical contexts is important for developing policies and programs to support healthy aging.
本研究旨在探究在加拿大的城市、农村和地理区域中，社会支持可及性（SSA）与认知功能之间的关联是否存在差异，以及这种差异的具体表现形式。本研究的数据来自加拿大老龄化纵向研究的基线追踪队列，该队列是一个针对 45-85 岁社区居住成年人的人群水平样本。使用多层次回归模型分析了 SSA 与认知功能的两个领域（记忆和执行功能）之间的关联。研究结果表明，SSA 与执行功能和记忆均呈正相关。我们发现，在所有地理区域中，与城市地区相比，农村地区的参与者的 SSA 与执行功能之间的正相关更强；然而，SSA 与记忆之间的关联在地理上的差异并没有得到模型结果的支持。了解认知功能与可改变的风险因素（包括 SSA）之间的关联如何因地理环境的不同而发生变化，对于制定支持健康老龄化的政策和计划非常重要。
