Sokas R K, Cloeren M
J Occup Med. 1987 May;29(5):414-6.
A brief questionnaire assessing attitudes toward occupational health and knowledge of the area was administered to the following: medical students beginning medicine clerkships ("students," N = 66); interns beginning internship year in straight medicine, primary care internal medicine, or family practice ("interns," N = 94); and physicians finished with residency training in these fields ("clinicians," N = 22). Interns reported more hours of occupational health training during medical school than did students or clinicians (8.5 and 3.6 hours, respectively) although nearly one third of interns reported having none. Clinicians outperformed interns and students in some areas though they scored worse in others, and rated occupational health to be less important. Prior work experience did not affect performance; however, students from "blue collar" families scored higher in both knowledge and attitudes than those from "white collar" families. Women scored higher in both areas than did men. There was no correlation between number of hours of occupational medicine in school and performance, either overall or within each level. This cross-sectional study suggests that enthusiasm for occupational health declines with training and that knowledge gains are erratic. Emphasis on faculty training and clinical rotations may be required for undergraduate curriculum reform to be effective.
刚开始医学实习的医学生（“学生”，N = 66）；刚开始在内科、初级保健内科或家庭医学专业进行实习年的实习生（“实习生”，N = 94）；以及在这些领域完成住院医师培训的医生（“临床医生”，N = 22）。实习生报告称，在医学院期间接受职业健康培训的时长比学生或临床医生更多（分别为8.5小时和3.6小时），不过近三分之一的实习生表示没有接受过培训。临床医生在某些方面表现优于实习生和学生，但在其他方面得分较低，并且认为职业健康的重要性较低。之前的工作经验并未影响表现；然而，来自“蓝领”家庭的学生在知识和态度方面的得分均高于来自“白领”家庭的学生。女性在这两个方面的得分均高于男性。在校期间职业医学培训的时长与表现之间，无论是总体上还是在每个水平内，均无相关性。这项横断面研究表明，对职业健康的热情会随着培训而下降，且知识增长不稳定。本科课程改革若要有效，可能需要强调师资培训和临床轮转。
