Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, Zakład Farmakodynamiki.
Psychiatr Pol. 2022 Apr 30;56(2):355-372. doi: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/128156.
The study was aimed to analyze information posted by users of synthetic opioids on Polish online drug discussion forums. Special emphasis was given to sources of drugs and their availability, routes of administration, dosages, expected and toxic effects.
6,143 reports related to synthetic opioids, posted between 2005 and mid 2019 on three widely available popular Polish online forums devoted to psychoactive substances, i.e., hyperreal.info/talk, dopek.info and forum.dopalamy, were collected and analyzed. The article presents data on three most popular opioids, i.e., fentanyl, butyrfentanyl and furanylfentanyl.
Fentanyl was the most widely used and relatively easily accessible synthetic opioid in Poland. Butyrfentanyl and furanylfentanyl were far less popular. The main source of fentanyl was diversion of medicines, notably transdermal patches. Fentanyl, butyrfentanyl and furanylfentanyl are administered orally, buccally, sublingually, intranasally, by inhalation and intravenously. Concomitant use of fentanyl and its derivatives with other psychoactive compounds increases the risk of severe adverse effects.
Our study contributed to amore comprehensive understanding of problems related to abuse of fentanyl, butyrfentanyl and furanylfentanyl in Poland. In the light of the relatively high popularity of pharmaceutical fentanyl used for non-medical purposes, there is an urgent need for more strict control over illegal sales of fentanyl transdermal preparations via the Internet, as well as disposal of used patches. Furthermore, patients using fentanyl should be warned that giving it to another person is against the law, and may lead to development of addiction and other serious health consequences. It is important to educate the society in order to increase awareness of the problem of opioid use, especially by young people, and to pay attention to signals which may indicate addiction among family members.
本研究旨在分析波兰在线毒品讨论论坛上合成阿片类用户发布的信息。特别强调了药物的来源及其可获得性、给药途径、剂量、预期和毒性作用。
收集并分析了 2005 年至 2019 年间中期在三个广泛可用的波兰在线毒品讨论论坛（即 hyperreal.info/talk、dopek.info 和 forum.dopalamy）上发布的与合成阿片类相关的 6143 份报告。本文介绍了三种最受欢迎的阿片类药物，即芬太尼、丁酰芬太尼和呋喃芬太尼。
芬太尼是波兰使用最广泛且相对容易获得的合成阿片类药物。丁酰芬太尼和呋喃芬太尼则不太受欢迎。芬太尼的主要来源是药物的转移，特别是透皮贴剂。芬太尼、丁酰芬太尼和呋喃芬太尼可以口服、颊部、舌下、鼻腔内、吸入和静脉内给药。芬太尼及其衍生物与其他精神活性化合物同时使用会增加严重不良反应的风险。
本研究有助于更全面地了解波兰滥用芬太尼、丁酰芬太尼和呋喃芬太尼的问题。鉴于用于非医疗目的的芬太尼药物的相对较高流行度，迫切需要加强对互联网上非法销售芬太尼透皮贴剂的控制，以及对使用过的贴剂的处理。此外，应警告使用芬太尼的患者，将其给予他人是违法的，可能导致成瘾和其他严重健康后果。教育社会非常重要，以提高人们对阿片类药物使用问题的认识，特别是年轻人，并注意可能表明家庭成员成瘾的信号。
