含漱剂预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染的疗效：一项前瞻性随机安慰剂对照的初步研究。
Efficacy of antiseptic mouthrinses against SARS-CoV-2: A prospective randomized placebo-controlled pilot study.
机构信息
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Am J Otolaryngol. 2022 Nov-Dec;43(6):103549. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103549. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
OBJECTIVES
Coronavirus-disease-19 (COVID-19) continues to affect millions of individuals worldwide. Antiviral activity of mouthrinses remains an important research area as the oral cavity is a site of SARS-CoV-2 initial replication. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of three different mouthrinses in reducing the oral/oropharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load.
METHODS
Adult patients, hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited for the study. Oral/oropharyngeal baseline SARS-CoV-2 samples were collected and analyzed by Real-Time-PCR. Subsequently, patients were instructed to rinse with 1 % hydrogen peroxide (HO), 0.12 % chlorhexidine (CHX), 1 % povidone‑iodine (PVP-I) or Sodium Chloride 0.9 % (placebo). Viral loads were measured right after (T1), and at 45 min (T2) from the rinse.
RESULTS
In the PVP-I 1 % group, 5/8 (62.5 %) patients at T1, and 3/8 (37.5 %) patients at T2, SARS-CoV-2 was not detectable in the swab specimens. In the HO 1 % group, 2/11 (18.2 %) patients at T1, and 2/11 (18.2 %) other patients at T2 showed no SARS-CoV-2 loads. One (12.5 %) patient in the CHX 0.12 % group showed SARS-CoV-2 negativity at T2. One (9.1 %) patient at T1, and another (9.1 %) patient at T2 showed no SARS-CoV-2 loads in the placebo group.
CONCLUSIONS
Oral SARS-CoV-2 loads were reduced at T1 in the PVP-I 1 % and HO 1 % groups.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
PVP-I 1 % was the most effective rinse especially in patients with low viral copy numbers at baseline.
目的
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）继续在全球范围内影响数百万人。漱口水的抗病毒活性仍然是一个重要的研究领域，因为口腔是 SARS-CoV-2 初始复制的部位。本研究旨在评估三种不同漱口水在降低口腔/咽 SARS-CoV-2 病毒载量方面的有效性。
方法
这项研究招募了因确诊 COVID-19 而住院的成年患者。采集口腔/咽拭子的 SARS-CoV-2 基线样本，并用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分析。随后，指导患者用 1%双氧水（HO）、0.12%洗必泰（CHX）、1%聚维酮碘（PVP-I）或 0.9%生理盐水（安慰剂）漱口。在漱口后即刻（T1）和 45 分钟（T2）测量病毒载量。
结果
在 1%PVP-I 组中，T1 时 8 例中有 5 例（62.5%），T2 时 8 例中有 3 例（37.5%）患者的拭子标本中检测不到 SARS-CoV-2。在 1%HO 组中，T1 时 11 例中有 2 例（18.2%），T2 时 11 例中有 2 例（18.2%）患者的拭子标本中检测不到 SARS-CoV-2。0.12%CHX 组中 1 例（12.5%）患者 T2 时 SARS-CoV-2 阴性。在安慰剂组中，T1 时 1 例（9.1%），T2 时 1 例（9.1%）患者的拭子标本中检测不到 SARS-CoV-2。
结论
在 PVP-I 1%和 HO 1%组中，T1 时口腔 SARS-CoV-2 载量降低。
临床意义
PVP-I 1%是最有效的漱口水，尤其是在基线病毒载量较低的患者中。
Zotero 插件