IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.
Dentaid Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
J Dent Res. 2021 Oct;100(11):1265-1272. doi: 10.1177/00220345211029269. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
Oral mouthwashes decrease the infectivity of several respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2. However, the precise agents with antiviral activity in these oral rinses and their exact mechanism of action remain unknown. Here we show that cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a quaternary ammonium compound in many oral mouthwashes, reduces SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by inhibiting the viral fusion step with target cells after disrupting the integrity of the viral envelope. We also found that CPC-containing mouth rinses decreased more than a thousand times the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, while the corresponding vehicles had no effect. This activity was effective for different SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the B.1.1.7 or Alpha variant originally identified in United Kingdom, and in the presence of sterilized saliva. CPC-containing mouth rinses could therefore represent a cost-effective measure to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in saliva, aiding to reduce viral transmission from infected individuals regardless of the variants they are infected with.
口腔漱口水可降低包括 SARS-CoV-2 在内的几种呼吸道病毒的传染性。然而，这些口腔冲洗液中具有抗病毒活性的确切试剂及其确切作用机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们表明，许多口腔漱口水中的季铵盐化合物十六烷基吡啶氯 (CPC) 通过破坏病毒包膜的完整性后，抑制病毒与靶细胞的融合步骤，从而降低 SARS-CoV-2 的感染力。我们还发现，含有 CPC 的漱口液可使 SARS-CoV-2 的体外感染力降低一千多倍，而相应的载体则没有影响。这种活性对不同的 SARS-CoV-2 变体有效，包括最初在英国发现的 B.1.1.7 或 Alpha 变体，并且在经过消毒的唾液存在下也是如此。因此，含有 CPC 的漱口液可能是一种降低唾液中 SARS-CoV-2 感染力的具有成本效益的措施，有助于减少受感染个体的病毒传播，而不论他们感染的变体如何。
