Health Rehabilitation Sciences Research Unit (I-CIRESA), Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile.
Midwifery Research Unit in Sexual and Reproductive Health (M-SSR), Department of Obstetricia y Puericultura, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2022 Dec;31(6):1492-1502. doi: 10.1111/inm.13053. Epub 2022 Aug 21.
COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact worldwide, specially affecting mental health and has undoubtedly taken part in human behaviour modification, increasing global health burden and with stress, anxiety and depression being the main contributors to this load. Because of the importance of this issue, the objective of this study was the creation of an explanatory model for the causal relationship of the main psychological variables: stress, anxiety and depression in the COVID-19 pandemic context. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 709 volunteers, sociodemographic variables and psychological symptoms were measured through a virtual DASS-21 questionnaire, during the COVID-19 pandemic, dated from November 2 to 6, 2020. A structural equation model using the weighted least squares means and the adjusted variance was employed for the creation and adjustment of the explanatory relational model. The results showed the presence of stress, anxiety and depression symptoms among the general population. The model showed an adequate fit (CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.06; P = 0.000) and was able to explain more than 80% of depressive symptoms (R = 0.86) and more than 70% of anxiety symptoms (R = 0.72), in addition to showing a unidirectional causal relationship of long-term stress on anxiety, and anxiety on depressive symptoms, showing a linked behaviour of the same, in the adjusted model. It was also outlined that this model was characterized by being expressed mainly in women, with lower quality of sleep and at a younger age.
新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)大流行在全球范围内产生了重大影响,尤其是对心理健康产生了影响,并无疑在一定程度上改变了人类行为,增加了全球健康负担,而压力、焦虑和抑郁是造成这种负担的主要原因。鉴于这一问题的重要性,本研究的目的是建立一个因果关系解释模型,用于解释 COVID-19 大流行背景下的主要心理变量:压力、焦虑和抑郁之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究,共纳入 709 名志愿者,在 COVID-19 大流行期间,通过虚拟 DASS-21 问卷于 2020 年 11 月 2 日至 6 日收集志愿者的人口统计学变量和心理症状。采用加权最小二乘法和调整后的方差建立并调整解释性关系模型。结果显示,普通人群中存在压力、焦虑和抑郁症状。该模型拟合度较好(CFI=0.94;TLI=0.94;RMSEA=0.06;P=0.000),可解释 80%以上的抑郁症状(R ² =0.86)和 70%以上的焦虑症状(R ² =0.72),此外,还显示长期压力对焦虑具有单向因果关系,焦虑对抑郁也具有单向因果关系,在调整模型中表现出一种相关行为。此外,该模型的特点是主要在女性中表现出来,她们的睡眠质量较差,年龄较小。