Wynne-Edwards K E, Huck U W, Lisk R D
J Reprod Fertil. 1987 May;80(1):241-9. doi: 10.1530/jrf.0.0800241.
Females housed with their mates for 3 or 4 days before mating took place (i.e. early in the oestrous cycle at the time of introduction to the mate) were significantly more likely to litter than were females housed with their mates for only 1 or 2 days before mating. The duration of post-copulatory pair contact had a complex effect on pregnancy success. While only 41% of females littered when they had 24 h of post-copulatory pair contact, females exposed to either longer or shorter durations of post-copulatory pair contact littered at significantly higher rates. Exposure to a strange male 24-48 h after mating did not produce a strange-male induced pregnancy block. The critical parameter responsible for the decrease in the number of females littering was the absence of the mate, irrespective of the presence or absence of a strange male. If this pattern of pregnancy block is adaptive for females, it seems probable that females in the wild require substantial levels of paternal investment by their mates.
在交配前与配偶共处3或4天（即在发情周期早期引入配偶时）的雌性比在交配前仅与配偶共处1或2天的雌性产仔的可能性显著更高。交配后配对接触的时长对妊娠成功率有复杂的影响。当交配后配对接触时长为24小时时，只有41%的雌性产仔，而交配后配对接触时长更长或更短的雌性产仔率则显著更高。交配后24 - 48小时接触陌生雄性并未产生陌生雄性诱导的妊娠阻断。导致产仔雌性数量减少的关键参数是配偶的缺失，无论是否存在陌生雄性。如果这种妊娠阻断模式对雌性具有适应性，那么野生环境中的雌性似乎很可能需要配偶大量的父性投入。
