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蟹类基因组中组氨酸激酶家族的鉴定、进化分析和表达谱研究

Genome-Wide Identification, Evolutionary Analysis, and Expression Patterns of Cathepsin Superfamily in Black Rockfish () following Infection.

机构信息

School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.

出版信息

Mar Drugs. 2022 Aug 3;20(8):504. doi: 10.3390/md20080504.

DOI:10.3390/md20080504
PMID:36005507
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9409823/
Abstract

Cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family and play crucial roles in intracellular protein degradation/turnover, hormone maturation, antigen processing, and immune responses. In the present study, 18 cathepsins were systematically identified from the fish genome. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that cathepsin superfamilies are categorized into eleven major clusters. Synteny and genome organization analysis revealed that whole-genome duplication led to the expansion of cathepsins. Evolutionary rate analyses indicated that the lowest Ka/Ks ratios were observed in CTSBa (0.13) and CTSBb (0.14), and the highest Ka/Ks ratios were observed in CTSZa (1.97) and CTSZb (1.75). In addition, cathepsins were ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues, with high expression levels observed in the gill, intestine, head kidney, and spleen. Additionally, most cathepsins were differentially expressed in the head kidney, gill, spleen, and liver following infection, and their expression signatures showed tissue-specific and time-dependent patterns. Finally, protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analyses revealed that cathepsins are closely related to a few immune-related genes, such as interleukins, chemokines, and TLR genes. These results are expected to be valuable for comparative immunological studies and provide insights for further functional characterization of cathepsins in fish species.

摘要

组织蛋白酶是溶酶体半胱氨酸蛋白酶家族的成员，在细胞内蛋白质降解/周转、激素成熟、抗原加工和免疫反应中发挥着关键作用。在本研究中，从鱼类基因组中系统地鉴定了 18 种组织蛋白酶。系统发育分析表明，组织蛋白酶超家族分为十一个主要簇。基因同线性和基因组组织分析表明，全基因组复制导致组织蛋白酶的扩张。进化率分析表明，在 CTSBa（0.13）和 CTSBb（0.14）中观察到最低的 Ka/Ks 比值，而在 CTSZa（1.97）和 CTSZb（1.75）中观察到最高的 Ka/Ks 比值。此外，组织蛋白酶在所有检查的组织中广泛表达，在鳃、肠、头肾和脾脏中表达水平较高。此外，在感染后，大多数组织蛋白酶在头肾、鳃、脾脏和肝脏中差异表达，其表达特征表现出组织特异性和时间依赖性模式。最后，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络（PPI）分析表明，组织蛋白酶与几种免疫相关基因密切相关，如白细胞介素、趋化因子和 TLR 基因。这些结果有望为比较免疫学研究提供有价值的信息，并为鱼类组织蛋白酶的进一步功能特征提供见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/abea90ece393/marinedrugs-20-00504-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/4b8020d1ddf9/marinedrugs-20-00504-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/6517ab158210/marinedrugs-20-00504-g002.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/095c230c34bd/marinedrugs-20-00504-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/142f3b39c0d3/marinedrugs-20-00504-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/95ffd9b2b086/marinedrugs-20-00504-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/a10cb9196ab3/marinedrugs-20-00504-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/bdb0df22d113/marinedrugs-20-00504-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/4ee5ba36c4bf/marinedrugs-20-00504-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/ead2fd4631b4/marinedrugs-20-00504-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/40c795f32936/marinedrugs-20-00504-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/abea90ece393/marinedrugs-20-00504-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/4b8020d1ddf9/marinedrugs-20-00504-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/6517ab158210/marinedrugs-20-00504-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/82faa63825a5/marinedrugs-20-00504-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/f23817b49caf/marinedrugs-20-00504-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/095c230c34bd/marinedrugs-20-00504-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/142f3b39c0d3/marinedrugs-20-00504-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/95ffd9b2b086/marinedrugs-20-00504-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/a10cb9196ab3/marinedrugs-20-00504-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/bdb0df22d113/marinedrugs-20-00504-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/4ee5ba36c4bf/marinedrugs-20-00504-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/ead2fd4631b4/marinedrugs-20-00504-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/40c795f32936/marinedrugs-20-00504-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e0d0/9409823/abea90ece393/marinedrugs-20-00504-g013.jpg

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