Mamirova Aigerim, Baubekova Almagul, Pidlisnyuk Valentina, Shadenova Elvira, Djansugurova Leyla, Jurjanz Stefan
Department of the Environmental Chemistry & Technology, Faculty of the Environment, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University, Pasteurova 15, 400 96 Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.
Institute of Genetics and Physiology SC MES RK, Al-Farabi 93, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan.
Toxics. 2022 Aug 11;10(8):465. doi: 10.3390/toxics10080465.
(Thunb.) Steud is a drought-resistant, low-maintenance and fast-growing energy crop that can withstand a wide range of climatic conditions, provides a high biomass yield (approximately 50 t DM ha yr), and develops successfully in contaminated sites. In Kazakhstan, there are many historically contaminated sites polluted by a mixture of xenobiotics of organic and inorganic origin that need to be revitalised. Pilot-scale research evaluated the potential of for the phytoremediation of soils historically contaminated with organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and toxic trace elements (TTEs) to minimise their impact on the environment. Targeted soils from the obsolete pesticide stockpiles located in three villages of Talgar district, Almaty region, Kazakhstan, i.e., Amangeldy (soil A), Beskainar (soil B), and Kyzylkairat (soil K), were subjected to research. Twenty OCPs and eight TTEs (As, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) were detected in the soils. The phytoremediation potential of was investigated for OCPs whose concentrations in the soils were significantly different (aldrin, endosulfans, endrin aldehyde, HCB, heptachlor, hexabromobenzene, keltan, methoxychlor, and γ-HCH) and for TTEs (Cu, Zn, and Cd) whose concentrations exceeded maximum permissible concentrations. Bioconcentration () and translocation () factors were used as indicators of the phytoremediation process. It was ensured that the uptake and translocation of contaminants by was highly variable and depended on their properties and concentrations in soil. Besides the ability to bioconcentrate Cr, Ni, and Cu, demonstrated very encouraging results in the accumulation of endosulfans, keltan, and methoxychlor and the phytoextraction of γ-HCH (s of 1.9-9.9) and HCB (s of 197-571). The results of the pilot trials support the need to further investigate the potential of for phytoremediation on a field scale.
（Thumb.）Steud是一种抗旱、低维护且生长迅速的能源作物，能耐受多种气候条件，生物质产量高（约50吨干物质/公顷·年），并能在受污染场地成功生长。在哈萨克斯坦，有许多历史上受有机和无机来源的外源性混合物污染的场地需要进行修复。中试规模研究评估了其对历史上受有机氯农药（OCPs）和有毒微量元素（TTEs）污染土壤进行植物修复的潜力，以尽量减少其对环境的影响。对位于哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图州塔尔加尔区三个村庄（即阿曼格尔迪（土壤A）、别斯卡纳尔（土壤B）和克孜勒凯拉特（土壤K））的废弃农药储存库中的目标土壤进行了研究。在土壤中检测到20种OCPs和8种TTEs（砷、铬、钴、镍、铜、锌、镉和铅）。针对土壤中浓度有显著差异的OCPs（艾氏剂、硫丹、异狄氏剂醛、六氯苯、七氯、六溴苯、开乐散、甲氧滴滴涕和γ-六氯环己烷）以及浓度超过最大允许浓度的TTEs（铜、锌和镉），研究了其植物修复潜力。生物富集（BCF）和转运（TF）因子被用作植物修复过程的指标。确保其对污染物的吸收和转运具有高度变异性，并取决于污染物在土壤中的性质和浓度。除了对铬、镍和铜具有生物富集能力外，其在硫丹、开乐散和甲氧滴滴涕的积累以及γ-六氯环己烷（BCF为1.9 - 9.9）和六氯苯（BCF为197 - 571）的植物提取方面表现出非常令人鼓舞的结果。中试试验结果支持有必要在田间规模上进一步研究其植物修复潜力。
