Lupia Tommaso, Libanore Valentina, Corcione Silvia, Fornari Valentina, Rizzello Barbara, Bosio Roberta, Stroffolini Giacomo, Bigliano Paolo, Fontana Silvia, Patti Francesca, Brusa Maria Teresa, Degioanni Maria, Concialdi Erika, Navazio Anna Sara, Penna Maurizio, De Rosa Francesco Giuseppe
Unit of Infectious Diseases, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, 14100 Asti, Italy.
Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 16;7(8):185. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7080185.
West Nile virus (WNV) infection is a reemerging zoonosis recently provoking significant outbreaks throughout Europe. During the summer of 2018, the number of WNV infections rose with a peak of new diagnoses of West Nile neuro-invasive disease (WNND). Most of the Italian cases were clustered in the Po River Valley. We present a case series of nine patients with WNV infection admitted to the Cardinal Massaia Hospital from 30 August 2018 to 1 October 2018. Demographic, immunovirological, clinical and therapeutic data are shown, and a report on clinical sequelae from the subsequent follow-up in patients with WNV and WNND. We showed the clinical, radiological and biochemical characteristics of WNV-infected patients. The risk factors and the clinical presentation of WNV in most patients in our case series were typical of that described in the literature, although, despite the high morbidity and mortality of WNND, we showed survival of 100% and long-term sequelae in only three patients. Environmental conditions may be essential in WNV outbreaks, and WNND can be clinically neurological multiform. Our long-lasting follow-up with clinical or radiological monitoring confirmed the morbidity of long-term neurological sequelae after WNND. Further studies are needed to investigate the epidemiology and physiopathology of bacterial superinfections after WNV infection.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）感染是一种再度出现的人畜共患病，最近在整个欧洲引发了重大疫情。在2018年夏季，WNV感染病例数上升，西尼罗河神经侵袭性疾病（WNND）新诊断病例达到峰值。大多数意大利病例集中在波河流域。我们呈现了一个病例系列，包括2018年8月30日至10月1日入住红衣主教马萨亚医院的9例WNV感染患者。展示了人口统计学、免疫病毒学、临床和治疗数据，并报告了WNV和WNND患者后续随访的临床后遗症情况。我们展示了WNV感染患者的临床、放射学和生化特征。尽管WNND发病率和死亡率很高，但在我们的病例系列中，大多数患者的WNV危险因素和临床表现与文献中描述的典型情况相符，不过我们的患者100%存活，只有3例出现长期后遗症。环境条件可能在WNV疫情中至关重要，且WNND在临床上可能呈现多种神经症状。我们通过临床或放射学监测进行的长期随访证实了WNND后长期神经后遗症的发病率。需要进一步研究来调查WNV感染后细菌二重感染的流行病学和病理生理学。
