Senior Lecturer, College of Business and Economics, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Teferi, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 25;17(8):e0272018. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272018. eCollection 2022.
In a digital and knowledge based economy, intangible assets are predominant and their role along with age and knowledge has become key success factors for firms. However, a very little attention was given to the intangible assets in the banking sectors' in Ethiopia and the effect still not studied yet. Therefore, the aim of this study is to empirically examine the effect of intangible assets on the financial performance and policy of 17 commercial banks in Ethiopia from the year 2017 to 2020. Return on asset and equity were used to measure the financial performance and debt as a measure of financial policy. The intangible asset is used as the main explanatory variable and asset size and liquidity as control variables. Random effect estimation technique for panel data was used. The result revealed that intangible asset has positive effect on the financial performance measured both by ROA and ROE at 5% significance level while, negative effect on the financial policy of commercial banks in Ethiopia at 1% significance level. Moreover, the study found asset size has significant and positive effect on ROA and ROE at 1% and 5% significance level respectively. Liquidity ratio has also significant positive effect on the financial performance measured both by ROA and ROE at 5% significance level. Finally, the finding revealed asset size and liquidity ratio has significant positive effect on the financial policy of commercial banks in Ethiopia at 10% and 1% significance level respectively. Therefore, the study concludes that financial performance and policy is achieved not only by using physical assets but also using intangible assets. Thus, the boards and mangers of commercial banks' ought to plan and maintain the appropriate ratio of intangible assets to total assets for securing sustainable development in achieving the maximization of shareholders wealth and to have optimum debt.
在数字化和知识经济中，无形资产占据主导地位，其与年龄和知识一起，已成为企业成功的关键因素。然而，埃塞俄比亚银行业对无形资产的重视程度非常低，其影响尚未得到研究。因此，本研究旨在从 2017 年到 2020 年，对埃塞俄比亚 17 家商业银行的无形资产对财务绩效和政策的影响进行实证检验。资产回报率和股本回报率用于衡量财务绩效，债务用于衡量财务政策。无形资产作为主要解释变量，资产规模和流动性作为控制变量。采用面板数据的随机效应估计技术。结果表明，无形资产对资产回报率和股本回报率的财务绩效均有正向影响，在 5%的显著水平下具有统计学意义，而对埃塞俄比亚商业银行的财务政策有负向影响，在 1%的显著水平下具有统计学意义。此外，研究发现资产规模对资产回报率和股本回报率均有显著正向影响，在 1%和 5%的显著水平下具有统计学意义。流动性比率对资产回报率和股本回报率的财务绩效也有显著正向影响，在 5%的显著水平下具有统计学意义。最后，研究结果表明，资产规模和流动性比率对埃塞俄比亚商业银行的财务政策有显著正向影响，在 10%和 1%的显著水平下具有统计学意义。因此，本研究得出结论，财务绩效和政策的实现不仅依赖于有形资产，还依赖于无形资产。因此，商业银行的董事会和管理层应该规划和维持无形资产与总资产的适当比例，以确保可持续发展，实现股东财富最大化，并保持最优的债务水平。
