Yahya Imadeldin, Hockman Dorit, Brand-Saberi Beate, Morosan-Puopolo Gabriela
Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Aug 22;11(8):1245. doi: 10.3390/biology11081245.
Branchiomeric skeletal muscles are a subset of head muscles originating from skeletal muscle progenitor cells in the mesodermal core of pharyngeal arches. These muscles are involved in facial expression, mastication, and function of the larynx and pharynx. Branchiomeric muscles have been the focus of many studies over the years due to their distinct developmental programs and common origin with the heart muscle. A prerequisite for investigating these muscles' properties and therapeutic potential is understanding their genetic program and differentiation. In contrast to our understanding of how branchiomeric muscles are formed, less is known about their differentiation. This review focuses on the differentiation of branchiomeric muscles in mouse embryos. Furthermore, the relationship between branchiomeric muscle progenitor and neural crest cells in the pharyngeal arches of chicken embryos is also discussed. Additionally, we summarize recent studies into the genetic networks that distinguish between first arch-derived muscles and other pharyngeal arch muscles.
鳃弓骨骼肌是头部肌肉的一个子集，起源于咽弓中胚层核心的骨骼肌祖细胞。这些肌肉参与面部表情、咀嚼以及喉和咽的功能。多年来，鳃弓肌因其独特的发育程序和与心肌的共同起源而成为众多研究的焦点。研究这些肌肉的特性和治疗潜力的一个先决条件是了解它们的基因程序和分化过程。与我们对鳃弓肌如何形成的理解相比，我们对其分化的了解较少。本综述重点关注小鼠胚胎中鳃弓肌的分化。此外，还讨论了鸡胚胎咽弓中鳃弓肌祖细胞与神经嵴细胞之间的关系。此外，我们总结了最近关于区分第一鳃弓衍生肌肉和其他咽弓肌肉的基因网络的研究。
