Eşian Daniela, Bica Cristina Ioana, Stoica Oana Elena, Dako Timea, Vlasa Alexandru, Bud Eugen Silviu, Salcudean Denisa, Beresescu Liana
Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Science and Technology George Emil Palade of Targu-Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania.
Dentoalveolar Surgery Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu of Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Children (Basel). 2022 Aug 8;9(8):1188. doi: 10.3390/children9081188.
Dental ankylosis is a serious condition defined as the process that causes the fusion between the dentin or the cementum of the root and the alveolar bone, with the obliteration of the periodontal ligament becoming progressively replaced by bone tissue. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, location, severity, and association of dental ankylosis in primary molars with other dental anomalies such as the agenesis of permanent buds. For this study 150 panoramic x-rays were selected from patients with temporary or mixed dentition, aged six to twelve years old, from a private dentistry office and from the Pediatric Dentistry Department of UMFST in Targu-Mures, Romania. In order to identify the cases with dental ankylosis, the presence and severity of the infraocclusion, displacements of the neighboring teeth, the appearance of the root area, and the relationship with the bone tissue were examined. For evaluation of the categorical data we used Fischer's exact test and the Chi-squared test and the chosen significance level was set at 0.05. The results showed that the highest percentage of cases with ankylosis was found in the first group (six to nine years old), respectively, with 72% of cases compared with the second group (ten to twelve years old) with 28% of cases. Findings showed that there was no positive association between dental ankylosis and gender, but a strong correlation was found regarding the location on the dental arches. Most cases were identified on the lower arch with a higher percentage in quadrant three. Of the two primary molars, the most affected by ankylosis was the first molar in quadrant three, followed by the second molar, and finally the first molar in quadrant four. Most cases diagnosed with ankylosis had a mild to moderate degree of infraocclusion; therefore, changes in the functional balance of the dental arch and on neighboring teeth were insignificant. There were some differences obtained between our results and studies from the literature, especially regarding the localization in the lower left dental arch, but these differences can be attributed to the number of the subjects selected and from the methodology of dental ankylosis diagnosis. Based on the data obtained, it was concluded that ankylosis is a dental condition which occurs in children in early mixed dentition, especially in the lower arch, with the first primary molar being the most affected tooth. The presence of infraocclusion and the absence of dental mobility, especially during the stage of primary molars' root resorption, are the main signs which must be followed to make an early diagnosis and prevent further complications.
牙粘连是一种严重的病症，定义为导致牙根的牙本质或牙骨质与牙槽骨融合的过程，牙周膜逐渐被骨组织替代而消失。本研究的目的是确定乳牙列中牙粘连的患病率、位置、严重程度以及与其他牙齿异常（如恒牙胚缺失）的关联。本研究从罗马尼亚特尔古穆列什市一家私人牙科诊所和UMFST儿科牙科部门选取了150例年龄在6至12岁的乳牙列或混合牙列患者的全景X线片。为了识别牙粘连病例，检查了低位咬合的存在和严重程度、相邻牙齿的移位、牙根区域的外观以及与骨组织的关系。对于分类数据的评估，我们使用了费舍尔精确检验和卡方检验，选定的显著性水平设定为0.05。结果显示，第一组（6至9岁）中牙粘连病例的百分比最高，分别为72%，而第二组（10至12岁）为28%。研究结果表明，牙粘连与性别之间没有正相关，但在牙弓位置方面存在很强的相关性。大多数病例在较低牙弓被发现，在第三象限的比例更高。在两颗乳磨牙中，受粘连影响最严重的是第三象限的第一乳磨牙，其次是第二乳磨牙，最后是第四象限的第一乳磨牙。大多数被诊断为牙粘连的病例有轻度至中度的低位咬合；因此，牙弓和相邻牙齿功能平衡的变化不明显。我们的结果与文献研究之间存在一些差异，特别是在左下牙弓的定位方面，但这些差异可归因于所选受试者的数量以及牙粘连诊断方法。根据获得的数据得出结论，牙粘连是一种发生在儿童早期混合牙列中的牙齿病症，尤其是在下牙弓，第一乳磨牙是受影响最严重的牙齿。低位咬合的存在以及牙齿无松动，特别是在乳磨牙牙根吸收阶段，是进行早期诊断并预防进一步并发症时必须关注 的主要体征。
