Yunitasari Esti, Lee Bih O, Krisnana Ilya, Lugina Rayi, Solikhah Fitriana Kurniasari, Aditya Ronal Surya
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.
Nursing Department, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
Children (Basel). 2022 Aug 8;9(8):1189. doi: 10.3390/children9081189.
Pandemic causes an increase in the poverty rate. The consequences will be many, including the birth of stunting babies. The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on stunting. Analyzing the factors that cause stunting during a pandemic will provide suggestions for effective stunting prevention strategies at the national, regional, community, and household levels. This study aims to determine the factors that influence stunting during the pandemic.
We use mixed methods. The respondents of this study were 152 mothers of the Maternal and Child Nutrition Security project, and the sampling technique is Cluster Sampling. Quantitatively using a baseline survey whose analysis uses multiple logistic regression to determine the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio. The qualitative data used focus group discussions which were analyzed using Nvivo 12 with a questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements of children from surveyed households.
This study summarizes the multivariate analysis of stunting determinants in the pandemic era, revealing statistically significant interactions between household sanitation facilities and household water treatment. Significant risk factors for severe stunting during the pandemic were male gender, older child age, coming from a low socioeconomic quintile, not participating in prenatal care at a health facility, and mother's involvement in choices about what to prepare for Community House. The FGDs identified misinformation about childcare and consumption of sweetened condensed milk as significant contributors to child malnutrition.
Lack of sanitation facilities and untreated water are contributing factors. Water, sanitation, and hygiene initiatives must be included into Indonesian policies and programs to combat child stunting during a pandemic. The need for further research related to government assistance for improving toddler nutrition, as well as the relationship between WASH and linear development in early infancy should be explored.
大流行导致贫困率上升。其后果将是多方面的，包括发育迟缓婴儿的出生。新冠疫情对发育迟缓产生了影响。分析大流行期间导致发育迟缓的因素，将为国家、地区、社区和家庭层面有效的发育迟缓预防策略提供建议。本研究旨在确定大流行期间影响发育迟缓的因素。
我们采用混合方法。本研究的受访者为母婴营养安全项目的152名母亲，抽样技术为整群抽样。定量方面使用基线调查，其分析采用多元逻辑回归来确定未调整和调整后的比值比。定性数据采用焦点小组讨论，使用Nvivo 12结合问卷进行分析，并对被调查家庭儿童进行人体测量。
本研究总结了大流行时代发育迟缓决定因素的多变量分析，揭示了家庭卫生设施与家庭水处理之间具有统计学意义的相互作用。大流行期间严重发育迟缓的显著风险因素包括男性、儿童年龄较大、来自社会经济五分位数较低的群体、未在医疗机构接受产前护理，以及母亲参与社区之家准备食物的选择。焦点小组讨论确定，关于儿童保育的错误信息和食用甜炼乳是儿童营养不良的重要因素。
卫生设施不足和水未处理是促成因素。水、卫生和个人卫生举措必须纳入印度尼西亚的政策和计划，以应对大流行期间的儿童发育迟缓问题。应探索与政府改善幼儿营养援助相关的进一步研究，以及水、卫生和个人卫生与婴儿早期线性发育之间的关系。
