National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Cells. 2022 Aug 18;11(16):2570. doi: 10.3390/cells11162570.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer affecting adults and the second most common primary liver cancer affecting children. Recent years have seen a significant increase in our understanding of the molecular changes associated with HCC. However, HCC is a complex disease, and its molecular pathogenesis, which likely varies by aetiology, remains to be fully elucidated. Interestingly, some inherited cholestatic disorders that manifest in childhood are associated with early HCC development. This review will thus explore how three genes that are associated with liver disease in childhood ( and ) might play a role in the initiation and progression of HCC. Specifically, chronic bile-induced damage (caused by changes), disruption of intercellular junction formation (caused by changes) and loss of normal apical-basal cell polarity (caused by changes) will be discussed as possible mechanisms for HCC development.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是影响成人的最常见原发性肝癌，也是影响儿童的第二大常见原发性肝癌。近年来，我们对与 HCC 相关的分子变化有了更深入的了解。然而，HCC 是一种复杂的疾病，其分子发病机制（可能因病因而异）仍有待充分阐明。有趣的是，一些在儿童时期表现出的遗传性胆汁淤积性疾病与 HCC 的早期发生有关。因此，本综述将探讨与儿童期肝病相关的三个基因（ 和 ）如何在 HCC 的发生和发展中发挥作用。具体而言，将讨论慢性胆汁诱导的损伤（由 变化引起）、细胞间连接形成的破坏（由 变化引起）和正常顶底细胞极性的丧失（由 变化引起）作为 HCC 发展的可能机制。
