Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Physical Education Department, Training and Improvement Division, National Police School, 05004 Ávila, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 15;19(16):10064. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191610064.
Although there is abundant evidence supporting an active lifestyle, it is necessary to promote the practice of physical activity among the population. To understand this phenomenon, several studies have been conducted to describe the reasons why people participate in sports activities. The PALMS (Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale) was created as a comprehensive tool to measure the reasons for practicing sports. This tool consists of 40 items related to sports and is designed for the young and adult population. Each of the subscales is formed of five items (mastery, enjoyment, psychological condition, physical condition, appearance, the expectations of others, affiliation, competition/ego) that reflect the possible reasons for practicing sports. This study sought to validate the PALMS in the cultural context of Spain, for the type of population for which it is designed. In total, 596 voluntary participants completed the study from Spain, aged 18 to 53, who regularly practice sports. The adequacy of the model obtained in the exploratory study was confirmed, since a model composed of eight factors and 40 indicators in total was obtained. The parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and the factor loadings presented values greater than 0.5. Regarding internal consistency, the values of Cronbach’s alpha and those of the composite reliability were above 0.8. In conclusion, the validation of the Spanish PALMS proved to be a valid and reliable measurement instrument for the evaluation of the reasons that lead the population to perform sports physical activity.
尽管有大量证据支持积极的生活方式，但仍有必要在人群中推广体育锻炼。为了理解这一现象，已经进行了一些研究来描述人们参与体育活动的原因。PALMS（体育活动和休闲动机量表）是作为一种衡量运动原因的综合工具而创建的。该工具包含 40 个与运动相关的项目，专为年轻人和成年人设计。每个子量表由五个项目组成（掌握、享受、心理状态、身体状况、外表、他人的期望、联系、竞争/自我），反映了进行体育活动的可能原因。本研究旨在验证 PALMS 在西班牙文化背景下对其设计的人群的适用性。共有 596 名自愿参与者来自西班牙，年龄在 18 至 53 岁之间，他们经常进行体育锻炼。从探索性研究中获得的模型得到了确认，因为总共获得了由八个因素和 40 个指标组成的模型。参数具有统计学意义（p < 0.05），因子负荷值大于 0.5。关于内部一致性，Cronbach's alpha 的值和综合可靠性的值都高于 0.8。总之，西班牙 PALMS 的验证被证明是评估导致人群进行体育活动的原因的有效和可靠的测量工具。
