Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China.
Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 22;23(16):9482. doi: 10.3390/ijms23169482.
As the third generation of new thin-film solar cells, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention for their excellent photovoltaic performance. Today, PSCs have reported the highest photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5%, which is an encouraging value, very close to the highest PCE of the most widely used silicon-based solar cells. However, scholars have found that PSCs have problems of being easily decomposed under ultraviolet (UV) light, poor stability, energy level mismatch and severe hysteresis, which greatly limit their industrialization. As unique materials, quantum dots (QDs) have many excellent properties and have been widely used in PSCs to address the issues mentioned above. In this article, we describe the application of various QDs as additives in different layers of PSCs, as luminescent down-shifting materials, and directly as electron transport layers (ETL), light-absorbing layers and hole transport layers (HTL). The addition of QDs optimizes the energy level arrangement within the device, expands the range of light utilization, passivates defects on the surface of the perovskite film and promotes electron and hole transport, resulting in significant improvements in both PCE and stability. We summarize in detail the role of QDs in PSCs, analyze the perspective and associated issues of QDs in PSCs, and finally offer our insights into the future direction of development.
作为第三代新型薄膜太阳能电池，钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）因其优异的光伏性能而备受关注。如今，PSCs 的光电转换效率（PCE）已高达 25.5%，这是一个令人鼓舞的数值，非常接近应用最广泛的硅基太阳能电池的最高 PCE。然而，学者们发现 PSCs 存在易在紫外（UV）光下分解、稳定性差、能级不匹配和严重滞后等问题，这极大地限制了其产业化。作为独特的材料，量子点（QDs）具有许多优异的性质，并已广泛应用于 PSCs 中，以解决上述问题。在本文中，我们描述了各种 QDs 作为添加剂在 PSCs 的不同层中的应用，作为发光下转换材料，以及直接作为电子传输层（ETL）、光吸收层和空穴传输层（HTL）。QDs 的添加优化了器件内的能级排列，扩展了光利用范围，钝化了钙钛矿薄膜表面的缺陷，并促进了电子和空穴的传输，从而显著提高了 PCE 和稳定性。我们详细总结了 QDs 在 PSCs 中的作用，分析了 QDs 在 PSCs 中的前景和相关问题，最后对未来的发展方向提出了我们的见解。
