Zupin Luisa, Santos-Silva Carlos André Dos, Al Mughrbi Aya R Hamad, Vilela Livia Maria Batista, Benko-Iseppon Ana Maria, Crovella Sergio
Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
Microorganisms. 2022 Aug 7;10(8):1591. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10081591.
Zoonoses have recently become the center of attention of the general population and scientific community. Notably, more than 30 new human pathogens have been identified in the last 30 years, 75% of which can be classified as zoonosis. The complete eradication of such types of infections is far out of reach, considering the limited understanding of animal determinants in zoonoses and their causes of emergence. Therefore, efforts must be doubled in examining the spread, persistence, and pathogenicity of zoonosis and studying possible clinical interventions and antimicrobial drug development. The search for antimicrobial bioactive compounds has assumed great emphasis, considering the emergence of multi-drug-resistant microorganisms. Among the biomolecules of emerging scientific interest are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), potent biomolecules that can potentially act as important weapons against infectious diseases. Moreover, synthetic AMPs are easily tailored (bioinformatically) to target specific features of the pathogens to hijack, inducing no or very low resistance. Although very promising, previous studies on SAMPs' efficacy are still at their early stages. Indeed, further studies and better characterization on their mechanism of action with in vitro and in vivo assays are needed so as to proceed to their clinical application on human beings.
人畜共患病最近已成为普通民众和科学界关注的焦点。值得注意的是，在过去30年里已鉴定出30多种新的人类病原体，其中75%可归类为人畜共患病。考虑到对人畜共患病中动物决定因素及其出现原因的了解有限，彻底根除这类感染还远不可及。因此，必须加倍努力研究人畜共患病的传播、持续性和致病性，并研究可能的临床干预措施和抗菌药物开发。鉴于多重耐药微生物的出现，寻找具有抗菌活性的化合物已变得极为重要。新兴科学兴趣的生物分子中有抗菌肽（AMPs），这是一种有效的生物分子，有可能成为对抗传染病的重要武器。此外，合成抗菌肽很容易（通过生物信息学）进行定制，以针对病原体的特定特征进行靶向攻击，诱导无耐药性或极低的耐药性。尽管前景非常广阔，但此前关于合成抗菌肽功效的研究仍处于早期阶段。事实上，需要通过体外和体内试验对其作用机制进行进一步研究和更好的表征，以便将其应用于人类临床。
