Muzammal Syeda Mariam, Murugesan Raja Kumar, Jhanjhi N Z, Hossain M Shamim, Yassine Abdulsalam
Department of Computer Science, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
School of Computer Science, SCE, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 18;22(16):6215. doi: 10.3390/s22166215.
In the Internet of Things (IoT), the de facto Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is susceptible to several disruptive attacks based on its functionalities and features. Among various RPL security solutions, a trust-based security is easy to adapt for resource-constrained IoT environments. In the existing trust-based security for RPL routing attacks, nodes' mobility is not considered or limited to only the sender nodes. Similarly, these trust-based protocols are not evaluated for mobile IoT environments, particularly regarding RPL attacks. Hence, a trust and mobility-based secure routing protocol is proposed, termed as SMTrust, by critically analysing the trust metrics involving the mobility-based metrics in IoT. SMTrust intends to provide security against RPL Rank and Blackhole attacks. The proposed protocol is evaluated in three different scenarios, including static and mobile nodes in an IoT network. SMTrust is compared with the default RPL objective function, Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF), SecTrust, DCTM, and MRTS. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed protocol outperforms with respect to packet loss rate, throughput, and topology stability. Moreover, SMTrust is validated using routing protocol requirements analysis to ensure that it fulfils the consistency, optimality, and loop-freeness.
在物联网(IoT)中,低功耗有损网络(RPL)的实际路由协议基于其功能和特性容易受到多种破坏性攻击。在各种RPL安全解决方案中,基于信任的安全机制易于适应资源受限的物联网环境。在现有的针对RPL路由攻击的基于信任的安全机制中,未考虑节点的移动性,或者仅将其限制在发送方节点。同样,这些基于信任的协议未针对移动物联网环境进行评估,特别是在RPL攻击方面。因此,通过严格分析物联网中涉及基于移动性的指标的信任度量,提出了一种基于信任和移动性的安全路由协议,称为SMTrust。SMTrust旨在防范RPL等级攻击和黑洞攻击。该协议在三种不同场景下进行了评估,包括物联网网络中的静态节点和移动节点。将SMTrust与默认的RPL目标函数、带滞后的最小等级目标函数(MRHOF)、SecTrust、DCTM和MRTS进行了比较。评估结果表明,所提出的协议在丢包率、吞吐量和拓扑稳定性方面表现更优。此外,通过路由协议需求分析对SMTrust进行了验证,以确保它满足一致性、最优性和无环性。