Ontology Engineering Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", 61029 Urbino, Italy.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 20;22(16):6260. doi: 10.3390/s22166260.
Big Tech companies operating in a data-driven economy offer services that rely on their users' personal data and usually store this personal information in "data silos" that prevent transparency about their use and opportunities for data sharing for public interest. In this paper, we present a solution that promotes the development of decentralized personal data marketplaces, exploiting the use of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs), Decentralized File Storages (DFS) and smart contracts for storing personal data and managing access control in a decentralized way. Moreover, we focus on the issue of a lack of efficient decentralized mechanisms in DLTs and DFSs for querying a certain type of data. For this reason, we propose the use of a hypercube-structured Distributed Hash Table (DHT) on top of DLTs, organized for efficient processing of multiple keyword-based queries on the ledger data. We test our approach with the implementation of a use case regarding the creation of citizen-generated data based on direct participation and the involvement of a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO). The performance evaluation demonstrates the viability of our approach for decentralized data searches, distributed authorization mechanisms and smart contract exploitation.
大型科技公司在数据驱动的经济中运营，提供依赖用户个人数据的服务，通常将这些个人信息存储在“数据孤岛”中，从而阻止了透明度和公共利益的数据共享机会。在本文中，我们提出了一种解决方案，利用分布式账本技术（DLT）、去中心化文件存储（DFS）和智能合约，以去中心化的方式存储个人数据和管理访问控制，促进去中心化个人数据市场的发展。此外，我们还关注 DLT 和 DFS 中缺乏有效去中心化机制的问题，以查询特定类型的数据。为此，我们提议在 DLT 之上使用基于多维数据集结构的分布式哈希表（DHT），以便对账本数据上的多个基于关键字的查询进行高效处理。我们通过实现一个基于直接参与和去中心化自治组织（DAO）的公民生成数据创建的用例来测试我们的方法。性能评估表明，我们的方法对于去中心化的数据搜索、分布式授权机制和智能合约利用具有可行性。
