Zanon Ana Beatrice Bonganha, Júnior Elias Ribeiro Rosa, Monroy Nátaly Adriana Jiménez, de Godoi Luciana Graziela, de Mattos Bruna Rodrigues, Paganoti Cristiane de Freitas, Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira, Rodrigues Agatha Sacramento, da Costa Rafaela Alkmin
Divisão de Clinica Obstetrica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 255 Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar Avenue, 10th Floor, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 514 Fernando Ferrari Avenue, Goiabeira, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 28;10(8):1202. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081202.
Pregnant women undergo physiological changes that make them a challenging group of patients during pandemic respiratory diseases, as previously found during H1N1 2009 pandemic and recently ratified in COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis on 5888 hospitalized women for H1N1 flu pandemic (2190 pregnant and 3698 non-pregnant) and 64,515 hospitalized women for COVID-19 pandemic (5151 pregnant and 59,364 non-pregnant), from the Brazilian national database, to compare demographic profile, clinical aspects, and mortality in childbearing aged women during both pandemics. Additionally, the effect of being pregnant was compared between both pandemics. In both pandemics, pregnant women were younger than non-pregnant women. Overall, pregnant women had lower frequencies of comorbidities and were less symptomatic. Among hospitalized women, pregnant women presented lower mortality rates than non-pregnant women (9.7% vs. 12.6%, p = 0.002 in the H1N1 pandemic and 9.7% vs. 17.4%, p < 0.001 in the COVID-19 pandemic) and this difference was statistically more pronounced in the COVID-19 pandemic, even after balancing pregnant and non-pregnant groups regarding age and chronic diseases.
孕妇会经历生理变化，这使得她们在大流行呼吸道疾病期间成为具有挑战性的患者群体，正如2009年H1N1大流行期间所发现的那样，最近在COVID-19大流行中也得到了证实。我们对来自巴西国家数据库的5888名因H1N1流感大流行住院的女性（2190名孕妇和3698名非孕妇）以及64515名因COVID-19大流行住院的女性（5151名孕妇和59364名非孕妇）进行了回顾性队列分析，以比较两次大流行期间育龄妇女的人口统计学特征、临床情况和死亡率。此外，还比较了两次大流行期间怀孕的影响。在两次大流行中，孕妇都比非孕妇年轻。总体而言，孕妇合并症的发生率较低，症状也较轻。在住院女性中，孕妇的死亡率低于非孕妇（H1N1大流行中为9.7%对12.6%，p = 0.002；COVID-19大流行中为9.7%对17.4%，p < 0.001），即使在按年龄和慢性病平衡孕妇和非孕妇组之后，这种差异在COVID-19大流行中在统计学上也更为明显。
