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海洋哺乳动物的听觉掩蔽机制。

Mechanisms of auditory masking in marine mammals.

机构信息

National Marine Mammal Foundation, 2240 Shelter Island Drive, #204, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA.

Institute of Marine Sciences, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA.

出版信息

Anim Cogn. 2022 Oct;25(5):1029-1047. doi: 10.1007/s10071-022-01671-z. Epub 2022 Aug 26.

DOI:10.1007/s10071-022-01671-z
PMID:36018474
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9617968/
Abstract

Anthropogenic noise is an increasing threat to marine mammals that rely on sound for communication, navigation, detecting prey and predators, and finding mates. Auditory masking is one consequence of anthropogenic noise, the study of which is approached from multiple disciplines including field investigations of animal behavior, noise characterization from in-situ recordings, computational modeling of communication space, and hearing experiments conducted in the laboratory. This paper focuses on laboratory hearing experiments applying psychophysical methods, with an emphasis on the mechanisms that govern auditory masking. Topics include tone detection in simple, complex, and natural noise; mechanisms for comodulation masking release and other forms of release from masking; the role of temporal resolution in auditory masking; and energetic vs informational masking.

摘要

人为噪声是对依赖声音进行通讯、导航、探测猎物和捕食者以及寻找配偶的海洋哺乳动物的日益严重的威胁。听觉掩蔽是人为噪声的一种后果，对其的研究涉及多个学科，包括动物行为的现场调查、现场记录的噪声特征描述、通讯空间的计算建模以及实验室进行的听力实验。本文侧重于应用心理物理学方法的实验室听力实验，重点是控制听觉掩蔽的机制。主题包括简单、复杂和自然噪声中的音调检测；调制掩蔽释放和其他形式掩蔽释放的机制；时间分辨率在听觉掩蔽中的作用；以及能量掩蔽和信息掩蔽。

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