Guez Ava, Piazza Manuela, Pinheiro-Chagas Pedro, Peyre Hugo, Heude Barbara, Ramus Franck
LSCP, Département d'études cognitives, ENS, EHESS, PSL University, CNRS, Paris, France.
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Trento, Italy.
Dev Sci. 2023 May;26(3):e13316. doi: 10.1111/desc.13316. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
A converging body of evidence from neuroimaging, behavioral, and neuropsychology studies suggests that different arithmetic operations rely on distinct neuro-cognitive processes: while addition and subtraction may rely more on visuospatial reasoning, multiplication would depend more on verbal abilities. In this paper, we tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal study measuring language and visuospatial skills in 358 preschoolers, and testing their mental calculation skills at the beginning of middle school. Language skills at 5.5 years significantly predicted multiplication, but not addition nor subtraction scores at 11.5 years. Conversely, early visuospatial skills predicted addition and subtraction, but not multiplication scores. These results provide strong support for the existence of a double dissociation in mental arithmetic operations, and demonstrate the existence of long-lasting links between language/visuospatial skills and specific calculation abilities.
来自神经影像学、行为学和神经心理学研究的越来越多的证据表明，不同的算术运算依赖于不同的神经认知过程：加法和减法可能更多地依赖于视觉空间推理，而乘法则更多地依赖于语言能力。在本文中，我们在一项纵向研究中验证了这一假设，该研究测量了358名学龄前儿童的语言和视觉空间技能，并在初中开始时测试了他们的心算技能。5.5岁时的语言技能显著预测了11.5岁时的乘法成绩，但对加法和减法成绩没有预测作用。相反，早期的视觉空间技能预测了加法和减法成绩，但对乘法成绩没有预测作用。这些结果为心算运算中双重分离的存在提供了有力支持，并证明了语言/视觉空间技能与特定计算能力之间存在长期联系。
