Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebrón 171, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
Department of Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2023 Jan 10;120:110623. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110623. Epub 2022 Aug 25.
Sleep disturbances are strongly linked with mental diseases such as substance use disorder (SUD) or schizophrenia (SZ) which can have a detrimental impact on quality of life (QOL), especially when both disorders are comorbid (dual disorder). In absence of studies about both circadian characteristics and QOL in patients with SUD and comorbid SZ (SUD + SZ), we examined a sample of 155 male under treatment, 75 with SUD + SZ and 80 only with SUD. Circadian functioning was evaluated by chronotype, social jet-lag and sleep quality (using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), while the QOL was obtained by the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL)-BREF. SUD + SZ patients were more evening type than SUD, and this chronotype was linked to polydrug use in total sample and SUD + SZ group. We observed that the comorbidity did not lead to worse sleep quality in the SUD and SUD + SZ patients. QOL was poorer in SUD + SZ patients, who showed a negative association of Physical health, Psychological health and Social relationship with suicide attempts and severity of SZ. Lastly, patients with worse QOL also reported poorer sleep quality suggesting that treatment could include circadian adjustments along with a focused approach to lifestyle improvement.
睡眠障碍与精神疾病密切相关，如物质使用障碍 (SUD) 或精神分裂症 (SZ)，这会对生活质量 (QOL) 产生不利影响，特别是当两种疾病同时存在 (双重障碍) 时。由于缺乏关于 SUD 合并 SZ (SUD+SZ) 患者昼夜节律特征和 QOL 的研究，我们检查了 155 名接受治疗的男性样本，其中 75 名患有 SUD+SZ，80 名仅患有 SUD。昼夜节律功能通过睡眠时型、社会时差和睡眠质量 (使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 PSQI) 来评估，而 QOL 通过世界卫生组织生活质量问卷 (WHOQOL)-BREF 来获得。SUD+SZ 患者比 SUD 患者更倾向于晚睡型，这种时型与总样本和 SUD+SZ 组的多药使用有关。我们发现，合并症并没有导致 SUD 和 SUD+SZ 患者的睡眠质量更差。SUD+SZ 患者的 QOL 更差，他们的身体健康、心理健康和社会关系与自杀企图和 SZ 严重程度呈负相关。最后，QOL 较差的患者也报告睡眠质量较差，这表明治疗可以包括昼夜节律调整以及有针对性地改善生活方式。
