Nikitchenko Yuri V, Klochkov Vladimir K, Kavok Nataliya S, Karpenko Nina A, Yefimova Svetlana L, Semynozhenko Vladimir P, Nikitchenko Irina V, Bozhkov Anatoly I
Institute for Scintillation Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv, 61072, Ukraine.
SSI "Institute for Single Crystal", National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 60 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv, 61072, Ukraine.
Biogerontology. 2023 Feb;24(1):47-66. doi: 10.1007/s10522-022-09987-6. Epub 2022 Aug 28.
Due to its unique redox chemistry, nanoceria is considered as potent free radical scavenger and antioxidant. However, their protective capacity in aging organisms remains controversial. To detect the anti-aging effects associated with the redox activity of 2 and 10 nm nano-CeO2, different test systems were used, including in vitro analysis, in situ assay of mitochondria function and in vivo studies of suitable nano-CeO on aging of male Wistar rats from 22 months-old to the end of life. The 2 nm nanoparticles exhibited not only antioxidant (OH scavenging; chemiluminescence assay; decomposition of HO, phosphatidylcholine autooxidation) but also prooxidant properties (reduced glutathione and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidation) as well as affected mitochondria whereas in most test systems 10 nm nano-CeO showed less activity or was inert. Prolonged use of the more redox active 2 nm nano-CeO (0.25-0.3 mg/kg/day) in vivo with drinking water resulted in improvement in physiological parameters and normalization of the prooxidant/antioxidant balance in liver and blood of aging animals. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier curve and Gehan tests with Yates' correction showed that by the time the prooxidant-antioxidant balance was assessed (32 months), survival rates exceeded the control values most considerably. The apparent median survival for the control rats was 900 days, and for the experimental rats-960 days. In general, the data obtained indicate the ability of extra-small 2 nm nano-CeO2 to improve quality of life and increase the survival rate of an aging organism.
由于其独特的氧化还原化学性质，纳米氧化铈被认为是一种强大的自由基清除剂和抗氧化剂。然而，它们在衰老生物体中的保护能力仍存在争议。为了检测与2纳米和10纳米纳米氧化铈的氧化还原活性相关的抗衰老作用，使用了不同的测试系统，包括体外分析、线粒体功能的原位测定以及对22月龄雄性Wistar大鼠直至生命末期进行的纳米氧化铈体内衰老研究。2纳米的纳米颗粒不仅表现出抗氧化特性（羟基清除；化学发光测定；过氧化氢、磷脂酰胆碱自氧化的分解），还表现出促氧化特性（还原型谷胱甘肽和还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸氧化），并且对线粒体有影响，而在大多数测试系统中，10纳米的纳米氧化铈活性较低或呈惰性。在体内通过饮用水长期使用氧化还原活性更高的2纳米纳米氧化铈（0.25 - 0.3毫克/千克/天）可改善衰老动物肝脏和血液中的生理参数，并使促氧化/抗氧化平衡正常化。使用Kaplan - Meier曲线和经Yates校正的Gehan检验进行的生存分析表明，在评估促氧化 - 抗氧化平衡时（32个月），生存率显著超过对照组值。对照大鼠的表观中位生存期为900天，而实验大鼠为960天。总体而言，所获得的数据表明超小的2纳米纳米氧化铈有能力改善衰老生物体的生活质量并提高其生存率。
