Department of Civil Engineering and Hazard Mitigation, China University of Technology, No.56, Section 3, Hsinlong Road, Taipei 116, Taiwan.
Northern Occupational Safety and Health Centers of Occupational Safety and Health Administration of Ministry of Labor of Taiwan, No.439, Zhongping Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
J Safety Res. 2022 Sep;82:301-313. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2022.06.006. Epub 2022 Jun 21.
Global changes in the labor force have led to an increase in non-standard employment (NSE) workers, particularly apparent in the construction industry. These workers have a higher risk of occupational injury and negative health-related outcomes.
In this study, relevant literature and the database for construction accidents are examined to identify the classification of NSE in the Taiwan construction industry. Accident reports from 2000 to 2018 are extracted from case reports of the Northern Occupational Safety and Health Center of Taiwan. Pearson's chi-squared test are then employed to analyze a total of 1,612 occupational fatality cases in the construction industry to explore the differences in occupational injuries between NSE and standard employment (SE). Further, characteristics of occupational injuries for different types of NSE in the construction industry are analyzed.
The NSE occupational injury rate for older workers over 60 years old is higher, especially for self-employed workers taking on technical work. NSE workers are more expected to suffer occupational fatalities in the small-scale, non-public, and repair projects. Occupational injuries involving self-employed and temporary agency workers are clearly regionally concentrated. Temporary agency workers involved in occupational injuries are most engaged in non-technical work and movement for worker motion with their unfamiliarity with the worksite. Most enterprises did not perform safety management on construction sites for occupational injuries involving NSE workers, especially for self-employed workers.
The results show that the hazard characteristics of NSE workers are clearly different from SE workers. NSE workers face inferior job security and protection, especially for self-employed workers.
The results can be used to establish effective occupational safety management policies and programs more efficiently.
劳动力在全球范围内的变化导致非标准就业（NSE）工人的数量增加，这在建筑行业尤为明显。这些工人在职业伤害和负面健康相关结果方面的风险更高。
本研究通过审查相关文献和建筑事故数据库，确定了台湾建筑行业 NSE 的分类。从台湾北部职业安全卫生中心的案例报告中提取了 2000 年至 2018 年的事故报告。然后采用 Pearson 卡方检验分析了建筑业共 1612 例职业死亡案例，以探讨 NSE 与标准就业（SE）之间职业伤害的差异。此外，还分析了建筑业不同类型 NSE 的职业伤害特征。
60 岁以上的老工人的 NSE 职业伤害率更高，尤其是从事技术工作的个体经营者。小规模、非公开和维修项目中更有可能发生 NSE 工人的职业死亡事故。个体经营者和临时工的职业伤害明显集中在特定地区。涉及职业伤害的临时工主要从事非技术工作和因对工作场所不熟悉而移动。大多数企业没有对涉及 NSE 工人的建筑工地进行安全管理，尤其是个体经营者。
结果表明，NSE 工人的危险特征明显不同于 SE 工人。NSE 工人的工作安全性和保障较差，尤其是个体经营者。
研究结果可用于更有效地制定有效的职业安全管理政策和计划。
