Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 10;13:971346. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971346. eCollection 2022.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading chronic liver disease in which immune cells play a vital role. Myeloid cells have been extensively studied in ALD, including granulocytes, macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells, which are involved in the occurrence and progression of steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and eventual cirrhosis. These cells can be popularly targeted and regulated by factors from different sources, including cytokines secreted by other cells, extracellular vesicles, and substances in serum-for example, infiltration of monocytes or neutrophils, activation of Kupffer cells, and polarization of macrophages. These processes can affect and change the function and phenotype of myeloid cells. Here we mainly review the key mediators that affect the infiltration and function of mainly myeloid cells in ALD as well as their regulatory mechanisms on target cells, which may provide novel immunotherapeutic approaches. The single-cell multimodal omics of myeloid cells is also discussed to help transform them into basic research or therapeutic strategy of ALD clinically.
酒精性肝病（ALD）是一种主要的慢性肝病，其中免疫细胞起着至关重要的作用。髓系细胞在 ALD 中已经得到了广泛的研究，包括粒细胞、巨噬细胞、单核细胞和树突状细胞，它们参与了脂肪变性、炎症、纤维化和最终肝硬化的发生和发展。这些细胞可以通过不同来源的因子进行靶向和调节，包括其他细胞分泌的细胞因子、细胞外囊泡和血清中的物质，例如单核细胞或中性粒细胞的浸润、枯否细胞的激活和巨噬细胞的极化。这些过程可以影响和改变髓系细胞的功能和表型。在这里，我们主要综述了影响 ALD 中主要髓系细胞浸润和功能的关键介质及其对靶细胞的调节机制，这可能为免疫治疗提供新的方法。还讨论了髓系细胞的单细胞多组学，以帮助将其转化为 ALD 的基础研究或治疗策略。
