The Neuroprotective Propensity of Organic Extracts of Bark and Their Effectiveness Against Scopolamine-/Diazepam-Induced Amnesia in Mice.

BACKGROUND

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is more prevalent in the elderly. There is extensive literature on using species against central nervous system disorders, although has not been investigated for any neuroprotective potential. The purpose of the study was to elucidate the ameliorative effect of ethyl acetate (ASEE) and butanol (ASB) extracts from the bark of on memory deficits and cognitive dysfunction in scopolamine- or diazepam-induced amnesia in mice.

METHODS

The phytochemical constituents of the extracts of were determined by GC-MS and the in vitro anticholinesterase plus antioxidant activities were also evaluated. Anti-amnesic effects were determined employing the open field test, elevated plus maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM), and Y-maze paradigms.

RESULTS

The in vitro cholinesterase assays disclosed a concentration-dependent inhibition of both and with IC values of 28.48 and 44.86 µg/mL for the ASEE extract and 32.04 and 50.26 µg/mL for the ASB extract against and respectively. DPPH and HO antioxidant assays revealed respective IC values for the ASEE extract of 28.04 and 59.84 µg/mL, plus 32.77 and 64.65 µg/mL for ASB extract. The findings revealed that both extracts possessed substantial antioxidant properties. Furthermore, these fractions restored scopolamine- and diazepam-induced memory deficits in a dose-dependent manner, as observed by a significant decrease in the transfer latency in EPM, reduction in escape latency, added time spent in the target quadrant in the MWM, and elevated spontaneous alternation behavior (SAB) in the Y-maze test.

CONCLUSION

The ameliorative effect of on scopolamine- and diazepam-induced amnesia can be attributed to antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity. Consequently, the use of might be exploited in the alleviation of oxidative stress and the management of AD.