Hao Linhui, Hsiang Tien-Ying, Dalmat Ronit R, Ireton Renee, Morton Jennifer, Stokes Caleb, Netland Jason, Hale Malika, Thouvenel Chris, Wald Anna, Franko Nicholas M, Huden Kristen, Chu Helen, Greninger Alex, Tilles Sasha, Barrett Lynn K, Van Voorhis Wesley C, Munt Jennifer, Scobey Trevor, Baric Ralph S, Rawlings David, Pepper Marion, Drain Paul K, Gale Michael
medRxiv. 2022 Aug 16:2022.08.12.22278720. doi: 10.1101/2022.08.12.22278720.
To evaluate SARS-CoV-2 variants we isolated SARS-CoV-2 temporally during the pandemic starting with first appearance of virus in the Western hemisphere near Seattle, WA, USA, and isolated each known major variant class, revealing the dynamics of emergence and complete take-over of all new cases by current Omicron variants. We assessed virus neutralization in a first-ever full comparison across variants and evaluated a novel monoclonal antibody (Mab). We found that convalescence greater than 5-months provides little-to-no protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants, vaccination enhances immunity against variants with the exception of Omicron BA.1, and paired testing of vaccine sera against ancestral virus compared to Omicron BA.1 shows that 3-dose vaccine regimen provides over 50-fold enhanced protection against Omicron BA.1 compared to a 2-dose regimen. We also reveal a novel Mab that effectively neutralizes Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants over clinically-approved Mabs. Our observations underscore the need for continued vaccination efforts, with innovation for vaccine and Mab improvement, for protection against variants of SARS-CoV-2.
We isolated SARS-CoV-2 temporally starting with emergence of virus in the Western hemisphere. Neutralization analyses across all variant lineages show that vaccine-boost regimen provides protection against Omicron BA.1. We reveal a Mab that protects against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants.
为评估严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）变体，我们在疫情期间按时间顺序分离了SARS-CoV-2，从该病毒在美国华盛顿州西雅图附近西半球首次出现开始，并分离了每个已知的主要变体类别，揭示了当前奥密克戎变体出现和完全取代所有新病例的动态过程。我们在首次对各变体进行的全面比较中评估了病毒中和作用，并评估了一种新型单克隆抗体（Mab）。我们发现，康复超过5个月对SARS-CoV-2变体几乎没有保护作用，接种疫苗可增强对除奥密克戎BA.1之外的变体的免疫力，与奥密克戎BA.1相比，对疫苗血清与原始病毒进行配对检测表明，3剂疫苗接种方案比2剂方案提供了超过50倍的增强保护，以抵御奥密克戎BA.1。我们还发现了一种新型Mab，与临床批准的Mab相比，它能有效中和奥密克戎BA.1和BA.2变体。
我们从西半球出现病毒开始按时间顺序分离SARS-CoV-2。对所有变体谱系的中和分析表明，疫苗加强接种方案可提供针对奥密克戎BA.1的保护。我们发现了一种能抵御奥密克戎BA.1和BA.2变体的Mab。
