Ma Chenglong, Hu Changhao, Liu Xingzhou, Li Yugang, Cui Jie, Wu Ying, Huang Jianhong, Li Shuming
China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
Exploration & Development Research Institute of Liaohe Oilfield Company, Panjin 124010, China.
ACS Omega. 2022 Aug 9;7(33):28985-28993. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02668. eCollection 2022 Aug 23.
This article systematically examines the physical characteristics, group composition characteristics, and geochemical characteristics of heavy oil in the Western Sag of the Liaohe Basin. The examination is based on the separation and quantitative analysis of crude oil and rock samples, as well as the analysis of test results from gas chromatography with saturated hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. It also analyzes the generation mechanism and main controlling factors of heavy oil. The results show that heavy oil has low wax content (1.8-9.2%), a low freezing point (-19-38 °C), low sulfur content (0.28-0.5%), high colloid and asphaltene content, high density (0.926-1.008 g/cm), and high viscosity (328-231910 mPa·s). The physical properties of the heavy oil in the same formation decrease from the depression's edge toward its center and within the same area, and the physical properties in different formations also have an inverse relationship with burial depth. Biodegradation is the main reason for the formation of heavy oil. Based on the biodegradation degree, there are four types of heavy oil: undegraded, weakly degraded, moderately degraded, and severely degraded. The main controlling factors of biodegradation are temperature and the water environment. This study provides a method for studying the genetic mechanism of heavy oil, an approach for discovering similar genetic oil and gas, and a basis for the transformation of heavy oil field development.
本文系统地研究了辽河盆地西部凹陷稠油的物理特征、族组成特征和地球化学特征。该研究基于原油和岩石样品的分离与定量分析，以及饱和烃和芳烃气相色谱测试结果的分析。同时分析了稠油的生成机理及主控因素。结果表明，稠油蜡含量低（1.8 - 9.2%）、凝固点低（-19 - 38℃）、硫含量低（0.28 - 0.5%）、胶质和沥青质含量高、密度高（0.926 - 1.008 g/cm）、粘度高（328 - 231910 mPa·s）。同一地层中稠油的物理性质从凹陷边缘向中心降低，在同一区域内，不同地层的物理性质也与埋藏深度呈反比关系。生物降解是稠油形成的主要原因。根据生物降解程度，稠油有未降解、轻度降解、中度降解和重度降解四种类型。生物降解的主控因素是温度和水环境。本研究为稠油成因机制研究提供了方法，为发现类似成因的油气提供了途径，也为稠油油田开发改造提供了依据。
