Shono Nobuaki, Ito Mana, Umezawa Akio, Sakata Kenji, Li Ailong, Kikuchi Jun, Ito Katsutoshi, Nakamura Ryuhei
Biofunctional Catalyst Research Team, Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan.
Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Hatsukaichi, Japan.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Aug 10;13:907703. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.907703. eCollection 2022.
Aquaculture in coastal environments has an increasingly important role in the world's food supply; however, the accumulation of organic compounds on seafloors due to overfeeding adversely affects benthic ecosystems. To assess the ecological resilience of aquafarms to nutrient influx, we investigated the redox homeostasis of benthic ecosystems using a marine oligochaete as a model benthic organism in aquaculture fields. Real-time monitoring of the redox potential of a model benthic ecosystem constructed in an electrochemical reactor allowed evaluation of the homeostatic response of the system to nutrient addition. Although the detrimental effects of overfeeding were confirmed by irreversible potential changes in the sediment, redox homeostasis was reinforced through a cooperative relationship between oligochaetes and sediment microorganisms. Specifically, the oligochaetes exhibited reversible changes in metabolism and body position in response to dynamic changes in the sediment potential between -300 and 500 mV, thereby promoting the decomposition of organic compounds. The potential-dependent changes in metabolism and body position were reproduced by artificially manipulating the sediment potential in electrochemical reactors. Given the importance of benthic animals in sustaining coastal ecosystems, the electrochemical monitoring and physiologic regulation of marine oligochaetes could offer an intriguing approach toward sustainable aquaculture.
沿海环境中的水产养殖在全球粮食供应中发挥着越来越重要的作用；然而，过度投喂导致有机化合物在海底的积累对底栖生态系统产生了不利影响。为了评估水产养殖场对养分流入的生态恢复力，我们以一种海洋寡毛纲动物作为水产养殖领域的典型底栖生物，研究了底栖生态系统的氧化还原稳态。通过对在电化学反应器中构建的典型底栖生态系统的氧化还原电位进行实时监测，可以评估该系统对养分添加的稳态响应。尽管沉积物中不可逆的电位变化证实了过度投喂的有害影响，但寡毛纲动物与沉积物微生物之间的协同关系增强了氧化还原稳态。具体而言，寡毛纲动物会根据沉积物电位在-300至500 mV之间的动态变化，表现出新陈代谢和身体位置的可逆变化，从而促进有机化合物的分解。通过在电化学反应器中人工操纵沉积物电位，再现了新陈代谢和身体位置的电位依赖性变化。鉴于底栖动物在维持沿海生态系统方面的重要性，对海洋寡毛纲动物的电化学监测和生理调节可能为可持续水产养殖提供一种有趣的方法。
