Kunelauri N, Gogniashvili M, Tabidze V, Basiladze G, Cardinali I, Lancioni H, Beridze T
Institute of Molecular Genetics, Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Agricultural University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2022 Aug 24;7(8):1531-1533. doi: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2110531. eCollection 2022.
The Georgian Mountain Cattle (GMC) (Species: Linnaeus, 1758 - aurochs, domesticated cattle, domestic cattle (feral), Aurochs, Subspecies: Linnaeus, 1758) is a local breed from Georgia. It is well adapted to the harsh mountain conditions of the Caucasus, resistant to different pathogens and able to provide milk during the lowest feed rations. In this study, we report for the first time the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of GMC. We selected the five unique control region mitochondrial haplotypes of GMC and sequenced for the complete mitogenome, using Illumina MiSeq platform. The results of our research showed a total of 59 substitutions and seven indels, in comparison to the Bovine Reference Sequence (BRS; V00654), with 15 SNPs never observed before. The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) phylogenetic analyses revealed hitherto unknown haplotypes falling outside the known taurine diversity. Four mitogenomes fell within haplogroup T (sub-lineages T1, T3, and T5), while one belonged to haplogroup Q (branch Q1). The combination of our results with precision agriculture holds great promises for the identification of genetic variants economically affecting important traits of GMC cattle.
格鲁吉亚山地牛（GMC）（物种：林奈，1758年——原牛、家养牛、家牛（野生）、原牛，亚种：林奈，1758年）是源自格鲁吉亚的一个本地品种。它非常适应高加索地区恶劣的山地条件，对不同病原体具有抗性，并且在饲料配给量最低的情况下也能产奶。在本研究中，我们首次报道了格鲁吉亚山地牛完整的线粒体基因组序列。我们选择了格鲁吉亚山地牛线粒体控制区的5种独特单倍型，并使用Illumina MiSeq平台对完整的线粒体基因组进行测序。我们的研究结果显示，与牛参考序列（BRS；V00654）相比，共有59个替换和7个插入缺失，其中15个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）是此前从未观察到的。完整的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）系统发育分析揭示了迄今未知的单倍型，这些单倍型不属于已知的普通牛多样性范围。4个线粒体基因组属于单倍群T（亚分支T1、T3和T5），而1个属于单倍群Q（分支Q1）。我们的研究结果与精准农业相结合，在识别对格鲁吉亚山地牛重要经济性状有影响的遗传变异方面具有巨大潜力。
