Nobre Juliana Nogueira Pontes, Morais Rosane Luzia De Souza, Viegas Ângela Alves, Fernandes Amanda Cristina, Scheidt Figueiredo Pedro Henrique, Costa Henrique Silveira, Peixoto Marco Fabrício Dias, de Alcântara Marcus Alessandro, Mendonça Vanessa Amaral, Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues
Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais Brazil.
Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais Brazil.
Child Youth Care Forum. 2023;52(3):721-736. doi: 10.1007/s10566-022-09708-7. Epub 2022 Aug 24.
Preschool is a crucial period for developing motor skills.
This study evaluated factors associated with motor competence in preschoolers from a Brazilian urban area.
A total of 211 preschoolers (51.2% girls and 48.8% boys) were evaluated. Body mass index was calculated; the Brazilian Economic Research Criterion, the Mini-Mental Scale (MMC) and the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale®, Revised (ECERS-R™) were applied; the Habitual Physical Activity time was recorded; the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2) was performed. Univariate analysis was performed using simple linear regression for the independent variables, considering the motor test subscales as dependent variables. Variables with p < 0.20 in the univariate analysis were considered for the multiple linear regression model and were entered into the stepwise method.
The independent variables remaining in the Standard Score Locomotor model were BMI, presence of park at school, and MMC (R = 0.16). The independent variables remaining in the Standard Object Control score were MMC and gender (R = 0.03). The variables associated with the highest scores of Gross Motor Quotient were MMC, body mass index, and presence of a park at school, respectively (R = 0.11).
Male eutrophic preschoolers who are physically active and attend schools with parks or courtyards in a Brazilian urban area have the highest scores for global cognitive function and motor competence.
学前阶段是运动技能发展的关键时期。
本研究评估了巴西城市地区学龄前儿童运动能力的相关因素。
共评估了211名学龄前儿童（女孩占51.2%，男孩占48.8%）。计算体重指数；应用巴西经济研究标准、简易精神状态检查表（MMC）和修订版的幼儿环境评价量表（ECERS-R™）；记录日常身体活动时间；进行粗大运动发展测试（TGMD-2）。以运动测试分量表作为因变量，对自变量使用简单线性回归进行单变量分析。单变量分析中p < 0.20的变量被纳入多元线性回归模型，并采用逐步法进行分析。
标准得分运动模型中保留的自变量为体重指数、学校是否有公园以及MMC（R = 0.16）。标准物体控制得分中保留的自变量为MMC和性别（R = 0.03）。与粗大运动商数最高分相关的变量分别为MMC、体重指数和学校是否有公园（R = 0.11）。
在巴西城市地区，身体活跃、就读于有公园或庭院学校的男性营养正常学龄前儿童在整体认知功能和运动能力方面得分最高。
